Indonesian Ideology

Ind angiotensin-converting enzymesian governmental orientationIDEOLOGY OF INDONESIACHAPTER 1 political orientation of Ind whizzsiaI. Introduction political orientationAn policy-making theory is a be defecate of aims and ideas that directs ones goals, expectations, and body processs. An governmental theory tummy be feeling of as a comprehensive vision, as a way of looking at things, as in common experience and several philosophical tendencies, or a nonplus of ideas proposed by the governing company of a ordering to all members of this society or a received consciousness or product of cordialization. The main dissolve screwing an political orientation is to offer change in society, and adherence to a con progress to of ideals where con trunkity al involvey exists, through a normative thought process. Ideologies ar discloselines of abstract thought as opposed to mere ideation applied to humankind matters and thus make this plan central to governance. Implici tly e very political tendency entails an ideology whether or non it is propounded as an explicit establishment of thought.The term ideology was born in the highly controversial, philosophical and political debates and fights of the French Revolution and acquired several former(a) misbegottenings from the early days of the for the send-off time French Empire to the present. The word ideology was coined by Destutt de Tracy in 1796 assemble the parts idea and -logy. He utilise it to refer to one expectation of his light of ideas. He separated iii aspects, namely ideology, general grammar and logic, con steadring separately the subject, the elbow room and the reason of this scientific discipline. He argues that among these aspects ideology is the most generic term, because the scholarship of ideas as hearty contains the study of their expression and deduction.Perhaps the most accessible commencement for the near-original meaning of ideology is Hippolyte Taines work. He describes ideology as rather corresponding principle ism by the Socratic Method, be aspects without extending the vocabulary beyond what the general reader already possessed and without the guinea pigs from observation that concrete science would require. Taine identifies it non just with Destutt De Tracy, scarce also with his milieu, and includes Condillac as one of its precursors. Tracy read the works of Locke and Condillac darn he was imprisoned during the Reign of Terror.After we hunch what is ideology? From the opposite side, we get out realise psychoanalysis of ideology from politics side and an early(a) side. many an early(a)wise(prenominal) point of ideology and we can analysis active ideology. Analysis of ideologyMeta-ideology posits that ideology is a coherent system of ideas, relying upon a few prefatory assumptions well-nigh reality that may or may not have any factual bestial of operations, but atomic number 18 subjective choices that serve as the seed around which further thought grows. According to this perspective, ideologies be neither in force(p) nor handle, but only a relativistic intellectual strategy for categorizing the orbit. The pluses and minuses of ideology range from the vigor and rapture of true believers to ideological infallibility. Excessive need for certitude lurks at wakelessistic levels in politics, religions, and elsewhere.The works of George Walford and Harold Walsby, done under the heading of systematic ideology, be attempts to explore the familys between ideology and br differently systems. David W. Minar describes six different shipway in which the word ideology has been used1. As a parade of certain ideas with certain kinds of content, usually normative2. As the form or internal logical structure that ideas have within a set3. By the role in which ideas play in human- fond interaction4. By the role that ideas play in the structure of an organization5. As meaning, whose purpose is persuas ion and6. As the locus of kindly interaction, possibly.For Willard A. Mullins, an ideology is composed of foursome basic characteristics1. it must(prenominal) have power over cognition2. it must be capable of guiding ones evaluations3. it must provide guidance towards action4. As give tongue to above, must be logically coherent.Mullins emphasizes that an ideology should be contrasted with the cogitate but different issues of utopia and historical myth.The German philosopher Christian Duncker called for a critical reflection of the ideology concept at 2006. In his work, he bring the concept of ideology into the foreground, as well as the well-nigh connected concerns of epistemology and history. In this work, the term ideology is defined in terms of a system of presentations that explicitly or implicitly claim to dogmatic loyalty. Though the word ideology is most a great deal name in political discourse, on that point are many different kinds of ideology political, socia l, epistemological, ethical, and so on.Ideology as an pawn of social gentilityIdeologue Karl Marx posits that a societys dominant ideology is integral to its superstructure. In the Marxist economical initiation and superstructure model of society, base denotes the relations of production, and superstructure denotes the dominant ideology (religious, legal, political systems). The economic base of production marks the political superstructure of a society. Ruling class interests determine the superstructure and the nature of the justifying ideology actions feasible because the ruling control classes the means of production. then the great importance of the ideology justifying a society.Chronologically, the dominant ideologies in capitalist economy are1. classical liberalism2. modern liberalism3. social democracy4. neo-liberalismCorresponding to these three capitalist stages of growth1. extensive stage2. intensive stage3. modern capitalism (late capitalism)In the Marxist provi sion of ideology as an instrument of social reproduction is conceptually burning(prenominal) to the sociology of bonkledge, viz. Karl Mannheim, Daniel Bell, and Jurgen Habermas. Moreover, Mannheim has authentic, and progressed, from the centre but special Marxist conception of ideology to a general and total ideological conception ack nowledging that all ideology (including Marxism) resulted from social animation, an idea actual by the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu.Ideology has no history while ideology has a history interleaved with the general class struggle of society. The general form of ideology is external of ideology, Ideas are material, explains his materialistic view, which he illustrated with the scandalous advice of atomic number 91 toward unbelievers kneel and pray, and then you will believe, thus highlighting that beliefs and ideas are a product of social practices, and not the reverse. However, this mustnt be misundersas welld as easy behaviorism, as there may b e, as Pierre Macherey regulate it, a subjectivity without subject in other nomenclature, a form of non-personal liberty, as in Deleuzes conception of becoming-other.Feminism as critique of ideologyNaturalizing socially constructed patterns of behavior has always been an important mechanism in the production and reproduction of ideologies. Feminist theorists have paid close attention to these mechanisms. Adrienne Rich e.g. has shown how to control motherhood as a social institution. However, feminism is not a homogeneous whole, and some corners of feminist thought criticize the critique of social constructionist, by advocating that it disregards as well much of human nature and pictorial tendencies. The debate, they say, is about the normative/naturalistic fallacythe idea that just something being natural does not necessarily mean it ought to be the font. Political ideologies many an(prenominal) political parties base their political action and program on an ideology. In social studies, a Political Ideology is a certain ethical set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explains how society should work, and offers some political and pagan blueprint for a certain social order. A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate power and to what ends it should be used. Some parties follow a certain ideology very closely, while others may take broad inspiration from a group of related ideologies without specifically embracing any one of them.Political ideologies have ii dimensions1. Goals How society should work (or be arranged).2. Methods The most appropriate ways to get through the ideal arrangement.Political ideologies are concerned with many different aspects of a society, some of which are the economy, education, health care, labor law, criminal law, the adjustness system, the training of social security and social welfare, trade, the environment, minors, immig ration, race, use of the military, patriotism and established religion. epistemological ideologiesThere are critics who thinking science as an ideology in itself, or being an effective ideology, called Scientology. Some scientists respond that, while the scientific method is itself an ideology, as it is a collection of ideas, there is nothing especially premature or wild about it.Other critics point out that while science itself is not a misleading ideology, there are some fields of study within science that are misleading. devil examples discussed here are in the fields of environmental science and economic science.Deep ecology and modern ecology movement appear to have adopted ecological sciences as a positive ideology. Some accuse ecological economics of worrywise turning scientific theory into political economy, although theses in that science can often be tested. The modern practice of green economics fuses twain approaches and seems to be part science, part ideology .Ideology and semiotic theoryIdeology identifies a unitary object that incorporates complex sets of meanings with the social agents and processes that produced them. No other Term captures this object as well as ideology. Foucaults episteme is too narrow and abstract, not social enough. His discourse, customary because it covers some of ideologys terrain with less baggage, is too confined to verbal systems. Worldview is too metaphysical, propaganda too loaded. Despite or because of its contradictions, ideology stable plays a key role in semiotics point to social, political liveness. Authors such(prenominal) as Michael Freeden have also recently combine a semantic analysis to the study of ideologies.II. PancasilaWe realise Pancasila is our Ideology, from the research ideology Indonesia have many point of view. We can see ideology from Pancasila gibe Etymologist, according history, according Terminologies. Besides that we can see meaning about Pancasila from Soekarno, Muhammad Yamin, and capital of Indonesia charter.Pancasila as an ideology as the state ideals or the ideals that became the basis for a theory or system of state for all hatfuls and nations of Indonesia, as well as a lifespan goal Indonesian base on TAP. MPR XVIII/MPR/1998 of MPR Revocation of P4, emphasized that Pancasila is the foundation of the Republic of Indonesia which have carried out consistently in the life of nation and state.The word is derived from Pancasila Sansakerta (Buddhism) that is necessitate to achieve Nirvana five Basic Doctrine, namely 1. Do not take a life of life things / Prohibited kill. 2. Do not take the advanceds of others / No stealing 3. Do not touch stimulate / Prohibited commit adultery 4. Do not say ready / forbidden to lie / lied. 5. Never mind that eliminates / prohibited liquor. Adapted by the Javanese to 5 M = Opium/ drunk, Thiet/ steal, chase after women./ Girl, Playing/ Gambling, Mateni / Kill.Pancasila words originally contained in the library of the Buddhist Tripitaka in the book where the teaching of the Buddhist is a moral teaching to reach nirvana / promised land through the contents of five PancasilaIII.HistoricalOn 01 June 1945 was Ir. Sukarnos speech without notes on the formulation of Pancasila as the Basic country. On rarefied 17, 1945 Indonesia proclaimed independence, then the adjacent day August 18, 1945 declared including the 1945 opening statement in which there is in it as a Basic Principle 5 responsibility of the Pancasila as name. Since then Indonesian Pancasila became common. So although the quaternate paragraph of the premise the Constitution contained no term 45 Pancasila is basic but the State of RI is called the term of this Pancasila interpretation (translation) especially in the context of the historical arrangement of the State of formula.III. Understanding of Pancasila in TerminologiesProclamation of August 17, 1945 has given cede to the State of RI State Equipment complete PPKI tools a hearing on August 18, 1945 and successfully passed the Constitution in section four which consists of opening the 4th paragraph of Pancasila formulation contained therein. Formulation of Pancasila is a legitimate and constitutional right as the basis of the state of RI PPKI passed by the representative of the entire raft of Indonesia. Pancasila shaped1. Hierarchical (tiered) 2. PyramidA. Pancasila by Mr. Moh Yamin is presented in the trial BPUPKI on whitethorn 29, 1945 the interest contents 1. Nationality 2. Humanism 3. Divinity 4. Democracy 5. affectionate ProsperityB. Pancasila by Ir. Sukarno delivered on June 1, 1945 date at the trial BPUPKI, as follows 1. Nationalistic Indonesia 2. Humanism 3. Democracy 4. complaisant Prosperity 5. subtlety hot seat proposes to 5 Principles can be squeezed into Trisila namely 1. Socio National Nationalism and inter fictitious characterity 2. Socio Democracy Democracy with the welfare of the people 3. immortal. And still according to Ir. S oekarno Trisila still be squeezed into the Ekasila or the point is Satusila Mutual Aid.C. Five Principles according to the Jakarta Charter adopted on June 22, 1945 the following formula 1. Belief in the Islamic obligation to run a follower-followers 2. Humanity is just and cultivate 3. Unity of Indonesia 4. Democracy guided by the wisdom and deliberation amongst representatives 5. brotherly justice for all people of Indonesia Conclusion of the various terms of Pancasila is a legitimate and constitutional right ofPancasila which is listed in the introduce UUD 45, it is strengthened by the MPRS decree and Presidential Instruction No. NO.XXI/MPRS/1966. 12 dated 13 April 1968 which confirms that the pronunciation, writing and formulation of the State of RI Pancasila legitimate and correct which is as stated in the Preamble Uud 1945.After that, we can know point of view about ideology of Indonesia or Pancasila from doctrine of pancasila, the original philosophy, base on Soekarno speec h, base on Soeharto speech,After we knew philosophy of Indonesia is Pancasila. In fact the definition of philosophy in the philosophy of Pancasila has been circumscribed and interpreted differently by some philosophers Indonesia. Pancasila discourse made since 1945. Pancasila philosophy is always updated in conformism with the demand of the ruling regime, so that Pancasila is different from time to time. Originality of Pancasila philosophy.Philosophy of Pancasila and developed by Sukarno from 1955 until the end of his rule in1965. At the time of Sukarno always stated that the original philosophy of Pancasila Indonesia is taken from the culture and traditions of cultural acculturation Indonesia and India (Hindu-Buddhist), westbound (Christian), and Arabic (Islamic). According to Sukarnos Belief is a native of Indonesia, Justice Social inspired by the concept of Messiah. Sukarno was never mentioned or propagandizes Unity. Thats statement It is from Soeharto variation pancasila Phi losophy.Based on the above explanation is pinch the general philosophy of Pancasila is the result of thinking / thinking deeply of the Indonesian people who are considered, trusted and believed to be something the truest, most just, most wise, best and most satisfactory for the Indonesian nation.Between distinguished religious philosophy and non-religious, is belonging. These means that Pancasila philosophy in terms of wisdom and truth to know the absolute truth that comes from God Almighty (religious truth), and both acknowledge the limitations of human capabilities, including the capacity to think.If severalise in terms of theoretical philosophy and philosophy in a practical sense, on categories in philosophy Pancasila practical sense. This means that the philosophy of Pancasila in the conduct of thinking deeply, not only aimed at pursuance truth and wisdom, not just for fulfill desire to know from people who are not inexhaustible, but also and above all the indubitable resul ts of thinking Pancasila philosophy is used as a guideline day-by-day life . That life can achieve physical and spiritual happiness, both in this world and the Hereafter.Next measure the philosophy of Pancasila truth and terraced following1. Truth senses(common knowledge)2. Scientific truth(sciences)3. Philosophical truth(philosophy)4. Religious truth(religion)After us understanding about Ideology, now we move to division of ideology. Ideology have two big division, they are Open Ideology and closed Ideology.1. Opened IdeologyCharacteristic of open ideology is that the determine and ideals are not enforce from the outside, but dug up and taken from the wealth of spiritual, moral and cultural community itself. Essence of community consensus, not created by the state, but is found in their community. Therefore, an open ideology is the property of all citizens and communities can bring out themselves in it. Ideology is open not only justifiable but necessary. The basic apprize of the modern stated of life and basic attitudes.An ideology is a natural source and is rooted in the worldview and philosophy of life of the nation. Thus, the ideology will be developed in accordance with the development of the intelligence community and national life. This is a prerequisite for an ideology. Unlike the crusade with the imported ideology, which would be unnatural (artificial) and to some extent requires coercion by a small group of people (minorities) who imported ideology.Pancasila is rooted in the worldview and philosophy of the nation, so that it meets requirements as an open ideology. Despite an ideology that is open, doesnt mean that openness is in such a way as to nullify or negate the ideology itself, which is an illogical. An ideology as a abbreviation of the basic ideas are integrated and round without contradiction or confounding in its aspects.Transparency divers three factors of Ideology Pancasilaa. In the fact, national development processes and commun ity dynamics rapidly growing.b. In the fact show, that the ideologic bankruptcy of the closed and freezing tends to dim due to his own development.c. Our experiences political history in the past.d. Willing to strengthen awareness of the basic value of Pancasila which is internal.Pancasila ideology of openness in its application primarily intended to form a dynamic thinking and conceptual in the modern world. We know there are three levels of value, the basic determine that do not change the implemental value as a means of realizing the basic values that can change according to circumstances and the practical value of the actual implementation of the real. Pancasila values outlined in the norms the norms contained Pancasila and reflected in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. Value or the basic norms contained in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution should not be changed or modified. Because it is a choice and the resulting consensus that the basic rule is the fundamental bas is of the state. Embodiment or implementation of instrumental values and practical values must still contain the soul and the spirit of the similar basic value.2. Closed IdeologyClosed is the teaching of ideology or world view or philosophy that determines the purposes and norms of political and social, is ordained as a truth that should not be questioned again, but must be accepted as something already made and to be obeyed. Truth of a closed ideology should not be questioned based on the values or moral. Dogmatic and a priori content that cannot be changed or modified based on social experience. Because of this ideology that tolerates no worldview or other values. Characteristic Ideology closed a closed ideology a few recognizable features Ideology is not the ideals that have been living in the community, but of the ideals of an underlying group. Of a program to change and renew the community, Ideology is the enemy of tradition closed. If the group managed to seize political powe r, ideology will be imposed on society.Naturally, such a closed ideology to be imposed and applied by society adhered to certain elites, which means are run by authoritarian ways. Ideology is totalitarian commonly closed, so concerns the whole of life. Which soon dominated the field completely and used for the spread of that ideology is a field that affects the attitudes of society, field of information to the plenitude and the other.Example ideology closed IPDN violence that occurred long before the case cliff Munthu Wahyu Hidayat who becomes victims of violence in IPDN. IPDN violence ingrained within the receipts was due some IPDN doctrine incorrectly interpret the service IPDN like touch the heart, if you cannot touch the solar plexus, if you cannot straighten break.Ideological characteristics of open and closed ideology are Opened Ideology a. are the ideals that have been living in the community. b. Form the values and ideals that come from within the community itself. c. The results of reference book and consensus society. d. Is dynamic and reformist. Closed Ideology a. Is not goals that have been living in the community. b. Instead of values and ideals. c. Trust and rigid ideological loyalty. d. Consists of concrete and available demands posed absolutely.According to Kaelan, the values contained in the ideology of Pancasila as an ideology is open are as follows a) The basic value, that is the essence of the five precepts of Pancasila. b) The instrumental value, which is the direction, policy strategies, goals and implementation agency. c) Practical value, which is a realization of instrumental values in a realization that is the real practice, in everyday life in the community, nation and state.CHAPTER 2Background of Ideology Indonesia/PancasilaI. Background of PancasilaBPUPKI 2 times the court held. At the First Session of the intention appears to concept ideology, includinga) Mr. Muh. Yamin (May 29, 1945)In his speech on May 29, 1945 Muh. Yamin b asic formula proposed view countries as followsI. NationalityII. HumanitarianIII. Elves GodheadIV. Populist (deliberative, wisdom)V. Welfare (social justice).In asset to the end of his speech, Muh. Yamin submit manuscripts as an attachment is a draft proposal contains a statement while the Constitution RI .b) Prof. Dr. Supomo (May 31, 1945)In his speech Prof. Dr. Supomo put tepid-state theory as follows1. The theory of individual countries (individualistic)2. Understand the state class (class theory)3. Understand intergalactic country.Further, in relation to the basic philosophy of the Indonesian state proposed Soepomo things about unity, family, inner and outer balance, consultation, justice of the people.c) Ir. Sukarno (June 1, 1945)in this case Ir. Sukarno delivered state basis of five principles that basically namely1. Nationalism (nationality Indonesia)2. internationalism (humanity)3. Social Prosperity4. Belief in one God.He also suggested that Pancasila is the philosophical basis of the state and outlook of the nation of Indonesia.Session see BPUPKI (first) that gave birth to the Jakarta Charter that declared on June 22, 1945 and signed by a small committee consisting BPUPKI formation of 9 people and is commonplace with the committee of nine whose members are as follows1.Ir.Soekarno 2.WahidHasyim 3.Mr.Muh.Yamin 4.Mr.Maramis 5.Drs.Moh.Hatta 6.Mr.Soebarjo 7.KyaiAbdulKaharMuzakir 8.AbikoesmoTjokrosujono 9.HajiAgusSalimII. Apply Ideology to our lifeAs we know Pancasila Indonesia has opened and closed ideology. And we have been analyzing that ideology of Indonesia. So after we know about ideology, we must implement to our life. We have been already known in our country has five principles, and there are first principles until fifth principles1. Believe in one and only God/ the one lordship2. Just and civilized humanity3. The unity of Indonesia4. Democracy which is guided by inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberation.5. Social justice for t he whole people of IndonesiaIn our life, automatically we can apply one or two principles. But its not enough for implement well ideology, because a mess of people just apply one or two principles, its not enough. As we know, in this era a lot of enamourd from another country. Where the other country may be bring detrimental influenced or severity culture for Indonesian. But some bring a high-priced influenced (we can see in another explain).We already know what the best for our life, and for Indonesian we must apply the first principles until fifth principles. much(prenominal) method to apply that to our life, we can starts from the easy thing. But maybe mortal think is not important. If we want to know, if we apply that principle, we can see how to benefactor people, respect the other people and so on. Its example some applying Pancasila in our life.The first principle believe in one and only God/the one lordshipa. Respect the other religions.b. Always pray.c. Do the well things.d. May not kill.The second principle Justice civilized and humanitya. Dont kill people.b. Must be fair with the other people.c. Help or do social activities.d. Help each other.The third principle The unity of Indonesiaa. extend bad influence form the other country.b. Build Indonesia unneurotic to be a good country.c. Never have bad feeling such us arrogance, joules, and etc.d. Protect Indonesia together.The fourth principles Democracy which is guided by inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations.a. Sit together to get agreement.b. Solve problem together.c. We must hear opinion from the other side.d. Take the best opinion for get the best.The fifth principle social justice for the whole people of Indonesiaa. All citizens in Indonesia have right for gets job and life with expedientlyb. Every citizen compulsorily gets educations.c. Every citizen merit to gets healthcare.All principles, from first principles until fifth principles are connected and cannot separ ated. Because pancasila without first principles or the other principles incomplete. We should practice all principles.CHAPTER 3How important is Pancasila for IndonesiaPancasila in Indonesia is very important, because Ideology Indonesia or Pancasila can awaken our spirit to build Indonesia to be better country than another country, provide guidance about the world and its content and build spirit to struggle to move against the occupation.Pancasila is the most important in Indonesia because Pancasila is Ideology for Indonesia, where that ideology has function for extend influence from Indonesia. Many people who study or work in neighbor country. When they gage to Indonesia, they take along until they back to Indonesia. Because they has a long time to stayed in neighbors country, because that they familiar with western style.That influence had some impacts for Indonesia. The impact for Indonesia such us, Indonesian used a sexy clothes, used jolting words, more popular modern dance than traditional dance, and so on. Many culture in Indonesia where must we protect and we continue because a lot culture in Indonesia taken by another country. So, we must protect our culture.Impact for our relationship with the other country is the other country see our country is not good country because much Indonesian used a bad attitude. Maybe relationship between Indonesia with the other country is not good and so on. So, we must used a good attitude and drivel influence from the other country, because influence from the other country is not good for Indonesian where Indonesia have religion and have principles for build good country.CHAPTER 4How to filter influence from another countryLike we know, some influence from the other county is bad but, some influence from the other country good for development in our country. Why we must filter influence from the other country? Almost people in Indonesia used bad attitude, where that attitude from the other country.As we know thos e influences have a right side and the wrong side. We can use the right side but for the wrong side we must remove from Indonesia. We can use Ideology of Indonesia or Pancasila. Many ways can we use to remove that influence from Indonesia. For the example we can use pancasila. We can see, what is having same meaning with the first principles or not. If not we can remove from our country, but if yes we can save for our country.Many point of view to look which one the right or wrong attitude. Example for the wrong side are used a harsh word, used sexy style from western, almost people more often eat junk food and so on. Example for the right side are Indonesia have a new style or mode, now world growth, and so on.The impact if Indonesia not filter the influence from the other country is Indonesian and the youth will have a bad attitude and may be no one can harmonize with rules in Indonesia. So, we should filter influence from the other country.CONCLUSIONNow we know point of view fro m politic side, background of pancasila, the historical, how to filter influence from the other country, example from wrong side and the right side, and what impact if Indonesia not filter the influence from another country, why we must filter influence from the other country.We must protect our country from the other influence, where the influence is bad and we must protect our culture, because many our neighbor country want take our culture from Indonesia. So, we must keep and take care our country together.REFERENCESBackground Historis PANCASILAwww.wikipedia.comMY orderfrom book pendidikan kewarganegaraan II untuk SMK