War of 1812 Essay -- essays research papers

Introduction With the ongoing battles between England and France in the early 19th century, the freshly formed United States found itself thrust in the middle of this struggle. In the early part of the century Napoleon was on a mission to at one time again establish a mighty French empire of early years. But with the build up of the royal British Navy the English were hard fiercely to hold Napoleon in check. The United States was determined to stay neutral and continue its trading with twain nations. However several mandates passed by both France and England made this very difficult. With Englands naval blockade and the repeated search and seizure of American trade vessels, the United States, guide by an aggressive grouping of leaders in congress known as the Young state of war Hawks, took a very aggressive approach to Britain and its royal navy. However, the War Hawks and President capital of Wisconsin also had plans of expansion in mind, to extend its boarders to the North Pole, home to royal colonies of the now hated Great Britain. With this plan and the negative feeling toward Britain, the war was besides around the corner. And in June of 1812, a full-fledged war was upon them. The war, which lasted approximately two years, was a very bloody and costly battle to both the United States and Britain. overbearing Analysis To begin to look at this war we must take a look at the carcass the solid ground was in at the time. The world was dominated by a bi-polar system, with France and England being the two poles. However you also had another player in the system, Russia. Although not quite as powerful as either of the top two, but if thrown in the mix could tip the scales toward one side or the other. The United States at this time preferred to devote a policy of isolationism, and stay out of the turbulent affairs of Europe. The constant struggle between the French and the British dominated the world scene. The French who were led by Napoleon were try ing to establish an empire and dominate all of Europe. This struggle had been raging since the turn of the century. The British as in any bi-polar system were dead set on preventing this from happening. With the United States only a minor player in the international system at the time there was energy the United States could do in this affair except continue its policy of neutrality, and isolationism. With a bi-polar international system, you are always i... ...ithout the other. When looking at the system as a whole you provide ample proof that the bi-polar system is very unstable and susceptible to conflict at anytime, especially when the two powers are countries that nourish been at each other since their creation. Each sphere is trying to gain dominance over the other. Napoleon would not stop his process until he stark(a) his goal or was defeated. The state level also ties into the system, as the states goal was dominance or defeat. The United States tried to invade modern d ay Canada to change magnitude it national territory and fought many bloody, deadly battles in order to accomplish this goal. Which they eventually failed and did not gain any territory but did not resort any either, the British also attempted to capture key cities and failed as well. Individual level you see how countrymen will rally in support of their country and this is plain and simply human nature. That is why when you look at the three levels they all are interlocked and must have one, in this war, to have the other. So in a war that was a defeat for France and a draw for the United States and Britain, each level was very prominent and a necessity in The War of 1812.

The Roosevelt Era :: American History

Chapter 30 American on the World Stage 1899-1909Summary Foreign affairs led Roosevelt from domestic to international involvement. Page673-681capital of South Carolina blocks the Canal Foreign affairs absorbed much of Roosevelts energy and had more knowledge of outside world than most of his predecessors. Americans from Spanish-American War wanted transmission channel across the Central American isthmus to augment the strength of the navy by increasing its mobility, defend recent American acquisitions (Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Philippines, and facilitate operations of American merchant marine. Initial obstacles was legal ones. Ancient Clayton-Bulwer Treaty with British in 1850 U.SCould not secure control over such route. 1901 with unfriendly European force and Boer War, British consented to Hay-Pauncefote Treaty it gave the U.S. right to build canal and right to fortify it as well. Locations of the canal was a controversy. Many Americans like the Nicaraguan route alone the cut Can al Company was not want this failing S-shaped Panama. New Panama Canal company suddenly dropped the price of its holding. Nicaragua was objected because of its volcanic activity. Congress authoritative the Panama route after Hanna persuasion. U.S. negotiation with Colombian a treaty favorable to the U.S. It lease the 6 mile for $10 million and annual wages of $250,000. Colombian rejected because it was its most valuable natural assets and later truth was $ not enough. Eager to be elected prez and mad at the outcome. 1904 proclaimed he want the canal built and critizen the treaty rejector blocking the onward march of civilization. Uncle Sam Creates Puppet PanamaPanamanians ready for another revolt because fear successfulness would be gone it U.S. now turn to Nicaraguan route. Buanu-Varilla did not want company to lose money + revoluntionists+fire fighters+Colombian troops. 1903 Panama revolution occurred when Colombian troops were gathered to crush uprising but U.s. naval forces wo uld not let them cross isthmus with justification of treaty 1846 that U.S. was obligation to maintain perfect neutrality of the isthmus against outsiders. Roosevelt quickly made Panana it outpost of u.S. Buanau-Varilla (now Panamanian minister) signed the Hya-Bunau-Varilla treaty in WA. Everthing the same but canal space widen and French company pocketed money from U.S. treasury. U.S. suffered from Roosevelt because European imperialists scorn at Americas uperior moral pretensions. Completing the Canal and Appeasing ColombiaPanama made an ugly U.S.

The Liberal Arts and the End of Education Essay -- Philosophy Educatio

The Liberal Arts and the End of EducationABSTRACT An international conference that takes Philosophy Educating Humanity as its matter does well to revisit the magnanimous liberal liberal arts tradition. Although the liberal arts are most often assimilated to studies brought together as the Humanities, the old usage included the arts which employed artificial languages in mathematics, music, and astronomy, as well as the literature and letters of the various natural languages. The current conflation of liberal education with the humanities does military force to the historical tradition in education, reducing it to fluff in the eyes of tough-minded scientists who know that only numbers deliver objectivity. The liberal arts of the handed-down undergraduate curriculum provided the skills to liberate the students linguistic powers so that he or she could read, speak, and understand natural language in all its functions. To educate human individuals to procure language is to encourag e students to take possession of their natural powers so that they good shoot express themselves, understand what others say, and reason together. The arts of natural language lead to controller of the mathematical arts which use a language that is no ones mother tongue. Together, the seven arts rid students of the worst enemies of humankind ignorance and prejudice. Since no one can be considered to have received a goodeducation if he accepts uncritically the opinions ofthe educators of his own times, the student shouldencounter alternatives to these opinions.Samuel S. KutlerThe past is always difficult to deal with. We are torn between the temptations of remaining within the comfort of a past we have become accustomed to and the equally dangerous alternative of fleeing an ... ...he arts of mathematical language teach us habits of rigorous, disinterested abstract thought. Post-moderns seem to be engaged in replacing philosophy, perhaps in the guise of logic, with empty talk so t hat all becomes conversation or narrative, and privilege is problematic. Were we to resuscitate a version of the liberal arts tradition as pedagogy and a object for our post-modern times, we would not be coaxing a dusty corpse of a bygone tradition gage to life. Rather we would be putting our tradition into practice. The liberal arts live only in time, in some historical instantiation or another. Now may be the time to bring this curriculum back into our time. Rather than a person ill-equipped to do anything, the more traditionally educated liberal arts graduate could again be a person who is equipped by his skills to do anything. And, to evaluate what is worth doing.

James v. Lorenz :: essays research papers

William James and Konrad Lorenz are at a caf in the middle of Piccadilly Circus having coffee, smoking cigars, deep in conversation.J What say you about this Konrad, I have a Scotch terrier that used to live in the group B, and I recently moved him into my home. In the barn, he had this nasty little habit of hide things into the ground, and upon being moved into the house continued with the same behavior. After a a few(prenominal) days, he eventually stopped essay to dig altogether. How would you explain this?L I recollect that your cover was not the right stimulus for your beloved terrier. An animal needs to have a specific stimulus in ordinance to elicit a certain response in this case, the dirt would elicit the digging. Because the dog was not in an environment that had dirt readily available to him to be able to dig, he had no need to do so.J Okay, but why did he continue, if even for a few days, to try to dig into my carpet and deposit useless items such as gloves into t he floor?L He was so used to digging in your barn that he continued to do so in your house. The intensity of the stimulus changed, so the response followed suit and changed as well. J But that is like my fly-wheel of society, he kept on trying to dig into my carpet because he was used to doing itbut then that is considered to be a habit and not an instinct.L It was instinctive for him to bury in the barn not only because he had the right stimulus to elicit the digging, but also what was he burying in the barn? Food, I suppose. I believe that if you take for example the concealment response of Corvids, you will see that some animals purposely hide their aliment so that in the future, they can retrieve it if necessary. Because as you know of course, that unlike domestic animals, wild animals need to search for their food in order to survive. Your terrier was doing as much in trying to hide his food in the barn, probably because there were other animals that were present and he assume d they might try to take his food. After having been in your home for a few days, he realized that there was no need to continue with the act of burying items such as gloves because it was useless.

The Psychology of Pedophiles Essay -- Child Molesters, Sex Offenders

In the news today we frequently hear about pedophiles and child molesters. We have heard the horror stories of priest and bishops molesting boys, public school teachers having sexual practice with students, and family appendages molesting children. While it is still taboo, the public view of a child molester has changed in the past years. It used to be that when we thought of a pedophile, we thought of a chilling man lurking behind the bushes. This is not the case today, most of the cases of child molestation are by a person known to the child, whether it be a family member or a family friend.(Herkov, 2012) A pedophile is a person who is significantly older and has conscious sexual interests in prepubescent children. There are devil kinds of pedophiles, the violent offenders and the non-violent offenders. The violent offenders are the minority of offenders. These are the one that pose the greatest risk to the victim and the public. Violent offenders are also known as child rapists. They use threat, intimidation, and physical force to overpower their victims. In most cases the child relinquishes sex for survival.(Bridges, 2012) The non-violent offenders are the most prevalent of all molesters. These are the great deal who use deception and enticement to lure their victims into submission. In a way, these offenders are using a form of sexual extortion. Sex is often rewarded or change for acceptance, recognition, attention, or material gain. Often times the victim will resist, and since these are non-violent predators, they will increase the efforts to get the victim to accept their advances. If the child is persistent, the offender will most likely move to a more vulnerable target. If the offender does start sexually abusing the victim, the sexual... ...July, 2004. Web. 5 Apr. 2015. http//www.transformationsjournal.org/journal/issue_08/article_01.shtmlBridges, Debbie. Sexual Addiction Treatment, Signs,Causes, Symptoms. MedicineNet. MedicineNet, 28 July 201 2. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. DAmora, David and Burns-Smith, Gail. How Offender Treatment and Victim Advocacy can Work Together in Response to Sexual Violence, Sexual Abuse A journal of Research and Treatment, The Official Journal of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers,11 (October 1999), 296-297.Deirmenjian, JM. Pedophilia on the Internet. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47.5 (2002) 1090-1092.Herkov, Michael. What Is Sexual Addiction? Psych Central. Psych Central, July 2012. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. Lamberg, Lynne. Researchers Seek root of Pedophilia. JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, 294.5 (2005) 546.

The Psychology of Pedophiles Essay -- Child Molesters, Sex Offenders

In the news today we frequently hear intimately pedophiles and child molesters. We have heard the horror stories of priest and bishops molesting boys, public school teachers having sex with students, and family members molesting children. While it is still taboo, the public view of a child molester has changed in the past years. It used to be that when we thought of a pedophile, we thought of a scary man lurking behind the bushes. This is not the case today, near of the cases of child harassment atomic number 18 by a person known to the child, whether it be a family member or a family friend.(Herkov, 2012) A pedophile is a person who is importantly older and has conscious sexual interests in prepubescent children. There are two kinds of pedophiles, the violent wrongdoers and the non-violent offenders. The violent offenders are the minority of offenders. These are the one that model the greatest risk to the victim and the public. Violent offenders are also known as child rapists . They use threat, intimidation, and physical force to overpower their victims. In most cases the child relinquishes sex for survival.(Bridges, 2012) The non-violent offenders are the most prevalent of all molesters. These are the people who use deception and enticement to lure their victims into submission. In a way, these offenders are using a form of sexual extortion. Sex is often rewarded or exchanged for acceptance, recognition, attention, or material gain. Often times the victim will resist, and since these are non-violent predators, they will increase the efforts to get the victim to accept their advances. If the child is persistent, the offender will most likely move to a more vulnerable target. If the offender does start sexually abusing the victim, the sexual... ...July, 2004. Web. 5 Apr. 2015. http//www.transformationsjournal.org/journal/issue_08/article_01.shtmlBridges, Debbie. Sexual Addiction Treatment, Signs,Causes, Symptoms. MedicineNet. MedicineNet, 28 July 2012. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. DAmora, David and Burns-Smith, Gail. How Offender Treatment and Victim Advocacy can scarper Together in Response to Sexual Violence, Sexual Abuse A Journal of Research and Treatment, The Official Journal of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers,11 (October 1999), 296-297.Deirmenjian, JM. paedophilia on the Internet. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47.5 (2002) 1090-1092.Herkov, Michael. What Is Sexual Addiction? Psych Central. Psych Central, July 2012. Web. 14 Apr. 2015. Lamberg, Lynne. Researchers Seek Roots of Pedophilia. JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, 294.5 (2005) 546.

Product Design †analysis of the XBox 360 Essay

IntroductionThe reason that I have chosen the Xbox as the item to do this project on is because of the following reasons.* It has several add-ons which can be used and are used on a constant basis* I am an Xbox owner myself and know its pros and cons and know a severe amount ab surface it.Along with these reasons the Xbox 360 has an expandable memory for music and photos. On the Xbox you can save games to the bad drive which comes in very handy if your and gets scratched this is how you resolve it without having to buy a new game. The expandable memory on these soothes depends on the type of Xbox bought. For example the elect(ip) console has an expandable memory up to 250 GB. This 250 GB is for in addition watching and recording sky on just like the new sky positive box. You can record movies and keep on your hard drive to watch again and again.AestheticsThe Xbox aesthetics are different depending on which version you buy. The arcade and Premium versions of the Xbox 360 are ve ry similar with a smooth rectangular shape with rounded edges and a big circular button in the union with small green lights surrounding it. One is black (Premium) and one is white (Arcade) in colour with nigh green and silver areas throughout.The arcade is the cheaper of the two as it doesnt have the same attachments and variety of facilities that the elite has but is more well known as the colour of the Xbox as being white as it is the most often bought.Although they each have a regular colour, people are able to buy any of hundreds of different covers which you can put on easily by yourself.DurabilityThe Xbox 360 console is not very durable. Beware of letting it fall as it will most definitely smash. Also mind of even letting it tip over as it may not break but it will break whatever game is inside it at the time it falls. This is called laser marks or scratches and is the problem that I had referred to earlier.Although the console cannot survive drops, the controller can survi ve the occasional drop.Consumer/ UsersThe main consumers and users of the Xbox 360 are credibly teenagers from about 13- 16. Although these are the most frequent users and buyers of the console, many grown men also buy the console. The Xbox 360 doesnt appeal to most men but some are very keen on it. The users are also nearly always male as not many girls would find the Xbox interesting or even fun to use.ModificationsThere are very few modifications that can be made to the Xbox 360. The first modification I would make to the console would be to do with the durability. I would make it so that it would not break with a slight fall. Another modification I would make would be to the heat given up off from the console as it gives off an enormous amount. This could be resolved solved by inventing a fan used via a USB port on the back to keep it discreet.Thirdly the weight of the console is colossal weight weighing 3.5 kilograms which makes it highly importable.SafetyThe Xbox 360 is extre mely safe. It has rounded edges so that it is safe for slim children who may hurt themselves. One unsafe feature of the console would be the heat outlet which could burn someone if they put their hand on it or even worse, start a fire if it is left on for too long. Secondly as mentioned before the weight of the console if it were to fall on a small child it would do serious damage or may even kill the child.ErgonomicsThe Xbox 360 is designed to stand up straight on a flat advance. It is made to suit this environment. It can also be sat down flat but it takes up a larger surface area. The Xbox 360 controller is shaped perfectly to fit your hands and the headset that comes with it is designed to fit over any shaped or sized head. Also the microphone on the headset comes with an adjustable piee between the ear and the mouth allowing it to be adjusted to reach your mouth.CostThe Xbox 360 when it first came out about 2 years ago equal around 200 for the arcade version, 250 for premium version and, 320 for the elite version. Since then the prices have come down quite a bit with the current prices at around 130-140, 190-200, 250-260 depending on where you buy. It is well worth the money and you will get plenty of use out of it.Environment and LocationThe Xbox 360 should be held in an expand environment away from any water or liquid. It should be located quite high off the ground out of the reach of small children. It should also have room behind it do allow the fan to blow the hot air out without overheating.Size and WeightThe Xbox 360 is not that bid for the amount of components Involved in the making of it. It is around 1 foot tall, about 4 inches thick and around 8 inches wide. It is terribly heavy for a console and very awkward to move.Specifica tions* Plays all Xbox 360 titles.* Wireless control with rumble* Xbox LIVE* 60GB hard drive* Multimedia compatible* Standard or HD graphics* eject and Premium downloadable game and entertainment content.* Support for DVD-video, DVD-ROM, CD-ROM and MP3 CD* Customizable face plates (picture below)* 3 USB2.0 ports* Support for 4 wireless controllers* Removable 60GB drive* Wi-Fi ready shuttingThe Xbox 360 looks good and is a nice and attractive shape. It doesnt have the best durability but nothing to worry about. There are very few modifications that could be made to it. It is safe and perfectly designed in every aspect of the console. It is quite large and heavy but is definitely worth the money. boilers suit in my opinion the Xbox is a great buy for anyone, young or old. Anyone who buys it will have great fun and get plenty of use out of it.

Comparative Commentary Text 1 Those Winter Sundays, Text 2 The Boat Essay

Text 1 and Text 2, both have the common theme of tiros. Text 1 is a numbers titled Those Winter Sundays by Robert Hayden, while Text 2 is an extract of the sententious story The Boat by Alistair Macloed. The purpose of Hayden is to recognise the story and to tell younger people to appreciate their father on the other hand Alistair MacLoeds purpose was to entertain the audience.The common theme are the fathers, both text edition editions tell apart the story and the relationship between a father and a son. Both texts show how they treated their fathers in a careless sort but thence realized they shouldnt have. In text 1 he realizes too late, and he cant do anything to change it, however in text 2 the character realizes just on time and starts loving his father and appreciating what he does. There are several other similarities and differences like the fact that both fathers do hard work and they probably belong to the working class or even to the poorer class.This can be seen as in text 1 the father had manpower that ached from labour in the weekday in text 2 the father is a fisherman. Both fathers dedicate lots of their time and labour to their families, in text 1 the father wakes up really early so he can warm the room for his children to wake up into a comfortable room while in text 2 the father sacrificed his dreams and inclinations and lived a life doing what he really did not want for the benefit of the family. Similarities are also found in the tone.The tone in both texts is regretful. In text 1 the regretful tone is suggested through the description of the father, Cracked hands that ached as this increases our empathy towards the father, furthermore in text 2 the regretful tone is suggested through the description of the fathers action as he burnt and reburned over and over again. This is also to increase empathy. Increasing the empathy helps us connect more to the agent and be able to understand his regret. Another way through which regret is portrayed in text 1 is thought Robert Haydens kick the bucket lines, with the rhetorical question at the end What did I know, This quotation shows how Hayden has now realized how much effort his father had put into the family, this also shows how Hayden feels that it is too late to do something now that he has realized. In text 2 the tone of regret is portrayed not only through the description of the father but also through how the short story develops.The body structure of text 1 is very diverse to text 2, first of all the fact that text 1 is a rime and text 2 a short story. As it was already mentioned, the regretful tone in text 2 is transmitted through the development of the story the story is structured in separates. The structure of the short story is very important as it starts by setting the scene as it describes the good summer. In the second paragraph Alistair MacLoed describes the father and how he suffers and keeps on working, his lips still cracked so that they b led when he smiled, this starts creating a tone of guilt as the character saw his dad suffer and did nothing. In the third paragraph we notice some transformation as he starts to realize the hard work his father does but its in the last paragraph is where we see the biggest change as he changes his attitude and starts loving his father. Structure is also very important in text1, the poem. It is a short poem that contains 3 stanzas.There is no rhyme in the poem as rhyme introduces a happy, joyful connotation Robert Hayden decided not to include rhyme as this poem corresponds to a melancholic and sad relationship between father and son. When it comes to sentence lengths, text 1 contains 5 sentences, they are very different in sentence length as we have a very short one, No one ever thanked him. and really long ones as the fourth sentence, which takes up 6 lines. The poem isnt structured as a poem but as a narrative, if the same text would not be in stanzas it would be a narrative. H owever in Text 2, as the text is structured in paragraphs, we can see how the sentences change depending on which paragraph they are in. For example, in paragraph 2, the one that tells us the dads sacrifices the sentences are long and the use lots of and, this gives a sense of continuous and a sense of repetition, which makes you feel the fathers pain. It is a very effective sentence as it increases the empathy.Both texts have similarities and differences regarding language. Text 1 ends with a rhetorical question, this rhetorical question increases the regret already portrayed in the poem and the feeling of guilt as it is already too late to change anything and antecedently he hadnt noticed his fathers effort. The diction through out the poem is quite simple, as the poem is directed to young people. Robert Hayden employ imagery to create empathy towards the father as he is described as waking up in the blueblack cold and his cracked hands that ached. The use of the address chronic angers suggest tension in the family and opens the possibility of a long lasting fight happening inside the house, speaking indifferently to him also adds into the tip of tension in the house and the use of the word indifferently creates guilt as he treated his dad in an indifferent way.Furthermore Alistair MacLoed, the author of text 2 uses common diction through out the short story, the diction in both texts is very similar. MacLoed uses several times the word and in that location are several purposes for the use of the word and, at the beginning, when describing the fathers effort the word and is used for repetition as it increases the effect of empathy in the sentence. later(prenominal) on in the story the word and is used to link ideas and to establish a good relationship between father and son as the text reads with a happier but still regretful tone.In conclusion both texts have clear similarities and differences as they both shared the topic of fathers and their relation ship with their sons, though they have different purposes and therefore differences.

Construction Case Study Essay

Resistance to organisational change is a natural reaction to those who want to protect their self-interests in the organisation. However, it is clear from the case study that the employees of XYZ Construction showed teeny-weeny resistance to the change utilise by the incoming managing director.The primary reason that change was welcomed was delinquent to the former Managing theatre directors perplexity style which was non widely accepted in the organisation. Employees feared him and it was not acceptable to speak openly and honestly. Employees were aware that this demeanour was often counterproductive, and created a negative impression with the former Managing Director. As the invigoratedly appointed Managing Director had previously worked at the organisation, he was aware of certain of the issues and concerns of the employees. The vex gained from working at other companies, and the reputation he build from his career prior to returning to XYZ Construction ensured that the employees had faith in his leadership ability.The new Managing Directors first step in developing kinds with managers and employees was to check key employees into Senior Management Team activities. His actions made it clear that he was willing to retain the current workforce and promote from within the organisation. This created a commanding environment which encouraged employees to work harder and produce results Employees and managers did not fear loss of employment with the new Managing Director, but rather felt include in the stopping point making process.The new Managing Directors attitude and actions were clear and concise which addressed the problems within the organisation. His actions were collectively moving in the same direction, to achieve a clear goal of improving internal and out-of-door relations and improving the organisations performance. He correctly identified problem areas such(prenominal) as relationships, communication and the organize of the organisati on. An incorrect diagnosis of the problems within an organisation may result in incorrect changes beingness implemented, which can lead the organisation into complete disarray.The new Managing Director identified two crucial activities to be performed in conjunction with each other to enable the transformation of theorganisation. The two activities identified wereTo introduce new practices and techniques to repair service to customers and thus mend the organisations performance.To change the attitudes and behaviour of employeesBy identifying the two activities above, the new Managing Director identified crucial steps to meliorate its performance. Only through improving services to customers can the overall organisations performance improve. A satisfied customer is likely to return and press the organisation to others. This is directly linked to the growth of the organisation. The new Managing Director is aware that to provide better service to customers, the employees will have to develop and learn new practices and techniques to ensure superior service quality is provided to customers.The effectuation of the second activity is critical to the success of the overall goal of improved customer relationships. The employees and managers attitudes and behaviours are to be transformed to ensure the best results are achieved. Employees and managers who were unhappy under the former Managing Director are more willing to adhere to the recommended changes. The willingness to adhere also stems from the approaches presented being feasible and there is no fear for loss of employment. The changes bring new opportunities for employees and managers to develop in their current roles and possibly grow into new roles. The potential corroboratory outcomes as a result of these changes are a contributing factor in the lack of resistance experienced by the Managing Director.The court effectiveness of the changes implemented also contributed to the lack of resistance from emp loyees. The new Managing Director introduced asmall-scale Kaizen programme. The programme was introduced with the four goals namely (Burnes, 2009, p. 162) Improvements could be achieved on a quick pathetic cost/no cost basisPromote teamworkBuild managers confidence such that they can delegate workEmpower moduleThe goals above are all positive resulting in the support of employees and minimises resistance to change.An additional contributing factor was the Managing Directors communication regarding his commitment to this possibility. This eradicates any confusion regarding the implementation of this change, and strengthens the buy-in of employees and manager.3 Introducing a new management styleThis section will discuss the following tilt and to what extent I take for or disagree with the statement the new Managing Director has not changed the culture of XYZ Construction but has merely introduced a new management style.3.1 Organisational CultureTo understand the statement clearl y, the term organisational culture needs to be defined and understood. Organisational culture is defined as thecollection of basic assumptions, values, norms and artefacts that are shared by and influence the behaviour of an organisations members (Burnes, 2009, p. 600). Organisation culture is also commonly defined as how organisations do things (Watkins, 2013). 3.2 Management StyleThe management style of XYZ Construction changed from an commanding management style to a participative style when the new Managing Director was appointed. The former Managing Director was feared by his colleagues, where open and honest relationships did not exist. Autocratic leadership is an uttermost(a) form of transactional leadership, characterised by a manager who makes findings on his own without input from colleagues. This type of management style has the advantage that decisions can be made rapidly and expeditiously, however this approach is not suitable in all organisations and is limited in its application. The disadvantage of this approach is that it leads to high employee turnover, demotivated employees and poor performance (Unknown, 2013).The autocratic management style of the former Managing Director was not suitable for XYZ Construction and was identified by the parent company. The parent companys view was that the company was underperforming due to the poor management and lack of cooperation within the organisation. Once the former Managing Director retired he was replaced by a new Managing Director with the primary objective to improve the overall managerial competency and improve the performance of the organisation. The new Managing Director displayed a Participative management style, which was required for the necessary operation, culture and structure changes in the organisation. A Participative management style is characterised by managers that use various decision procedures that allow other people some influence over the leaders decision (Yukl, 2013, p. 11 5). This is clearly displayed in the New Managing Directors action of inclusion of key employees who were not directors to participate in Senior Management Team. This action has a pregnant touch on on relationship building within the organisation and an impact on the structure. The organisation under former management was hierarchical conscious which hinders the developmentof relationship and the sharing of information and ideas. The new approach in management style results in a culture change in the organisation.3.3 DiscussionI agree with the statement, with the effect that a culture change has interpreted place in XYZ Construction under the new Managing Director, however this was achieved by the change in the managerial style rather by changing the culture.The new Managing Directors participative managing style, has allowed for a culture change. Employees and managers are able to speak openly and honestly changing the norms within the organisation. The transformation is a long- term change with initiatives rolled-out in intervals. This allows for employees and managers to acquire and develop the necessary skills and characteristics at each level before moving to the bordering step of the transformation. The new Managing Directors management style requires that the attitude and behaviours to be changed of both employees and managers to meet the demands of the initiatives aimed at increasing the organisations performance. My reason with the statement is not significant, as the new Managing Director has brought upon a new management style however the initiatives that he proposed require a change in culture. A culture change of the employees and managers supports that new Managing Directors management style.4 South African contextSouth Africa as a realm has been transforming during the post-apartheid regime. The most significant transformation that is currently taking place in organisations is the implementation of various BBBEE initiatives, one of which is to increase in females in the workplace. The BBBEE initiative focusses on reconciling indiscretions of the past and allowing for the workplace to be balanced based on race, gender and disabilities. There are many examples of organisations in South Africa where this transformation has interpreted place. An example of this transformation is in PPC Ltd. whichappointed Ketso Gordhan as the new CEO effective 1 January 2013 (Allix, 2012). Ketso Gordhans extensive experience in multiple industries such as his role as director-general in the Ministry of transport, serving in the Presidency and head of private equity in FirstRand makes him extremely capable and suitable for the position. His experience in the multiple he roles he has fulfilled has provided him with knowledge as to how to bring change to an organisation. The cement industry had faced a major illumine in sales during the financial recession coupled with competitive forces. These factors had started to be addressed by the for mer CEO with the goal of growing the commerce and earning a significant portion of profits through operations in Africa (Allix, 2012).It was at this point that Ketso Gordhan was appointed with the crucial task of growing operations into Africa. The approach that was interpreted by Ketso Gordhan to achieve this goal is based on two key strategies of expanding business into Africa and to keep current operations in South Africa to operate efficiently (keep the home fires burning) (Allix, 2013). Ketso Gordhan made the goals and the direction taken very clear to ensure a collective drive from employees. His actions are the same actions taken by the newly appointed Managing Director of XYZ Construction.Ketso Gordhan made hes commitment to PPC Ltd. clear through his actions as well as through the encyclopedism of PPC Ltd. shares summing a total of R30 million (Shevel, 2014). This action indicated internally and externally hes commitment and faith in the organisation to achieve a signific ant improvement in the organisations performance (Hasenfuss, 2013). Ketso Gordhans management style has brought a culture change in the organisation. The culture change has included a more hands-on approach from the CEO with constantinteraction with employees and managers. This once again reinforces his ideas and motivation in the workplace.Earlier in 2014, Ketso Gordhan reduced his payment by R1m in an effort tosupport the reduction of salary gap between the highest and the lowest give employee in the organisation. He took grievances from the lowest paid employees and acted to judge the items. He approached the top 60 managers, asking whether they would volunteer their increases to be distributed to the lowest paid employees. This approach enabled the organisation to increase 1 200 of the lowest paid employees salary by R10 000 per year and an interest related increase later in the year (Shevel, 2014).This initiative received great response from employees, which was primarily at tributed to the tactile property that grievances were heard and action was taken. The initiative allowed the CEO salary to reduce from 120 times the lowest paid employee to 48 times with the clear goal to tense 40 times in future. This was achieved through the decrease in the highest paid salary and the increase in the lowest paid salaries (Shevel, 2014). The initiative has an impact external to the organisation. In South Africa which currently is facing numerous problems, one clear problem in the large economic gaps that exists. The actions of Ketso Gordhan are an encouragement to fellow JSE-listed organisations CEO to follow suit and attempt to reduce the large salary gaps that exist in many organisations. Collective actions will enable the realm to reach goals of social development at a faster rate. Ketso Gordhan is a participative leader which is clear through his engagement with the organisations employees and through the initiative he has developed. He has initiated the I C are, PPC Cares programme coupled with the Kambuku philosophy in the organisation (PPC Ltd, 2014). This philosophy and initiative is aimed at addressing the following (PPC Ltd, 2014)Disparity between the cost of living and salaries of lower-level employeesSubstandard housing and access to housing for some employeesEffectiveness of first-line managers and team membersIndividual development plans and organisational climate initiativesImproving the perception of employees in equipment casualty of job satisfactionThe philosophy is aimed at not only improving the internal environment but also the external environment of the organisation, such as the assistance in providing housing for employees. The approach is very fitting in the South African context.ReferencesAllix, M., 2012. Ketso Gordhan to replace Paul Stuiver at PPC. Online operable at http//www.bdlive.co.za/business/industrials/2012/10/11/ketso-gordhan-toreplace-paul-stuiver-at-ppc Accessed 3 May 2014.Allix, M., 2013. Safika dea l to help PPC keep the home fires burning. Online uncommitted at http//www.bdlive.co.za/business/industrials/2013/08/08/safika-deal-to-helpppc-keep-the-home-fires-burning Accessed 3 May 2014.Burnes, B., 2009. Managing Change. fifth ed. Essex Pearson Education Limited. Hasenfuss, M., 2013. PPC chief Ketso Gordhan splashes out on cement firms stock. Online Available at http//www.bdlive.co.za/business/industrials/2013/09/12/ppc-chief-ketsogordhan-splashes-out-on-cement-firms-stock Accessed 3 May 2014.Investopedia, 2014. Definition of Kaizen. OnlineAvailable at http//www.investopedia.com/terms/k/kaizen.asp Accessed 16 April 2014.PPC Ltd, 2014. Our People. OnlineAvailable at http//www.ppc.co.za/about-us/our-people.aspxAccessed 3 May 2013.Shevel, A., 2014. Ketso Gordhan Laying the foundations for a fairer workplace. Online Available at http//www.bdlive.co.za/business/management/2014/03/23/ketso-gordhanlaying-the-foundations-for-a-fairer-workplace Accessed 3 May 2013.Stroh, U., 2005. Chap ter 3 Approaches to Change Management, Pretoria University of Pretoria etd.Unknown, 2013. Leadership Styles. OnlineAvailable at http//ofd.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Leadership-Styles-1_11_13.pdf Accessed 30 April 2014.Watkins, M., 2013. What Is Organizational Culture? And Why Should We Care?. Online Available at http//blogs.hbr.org/2013/05/what-is-organizational-culture/ Accessed 30 April 2014.Yukl, G., 2013. Leadership on Organizations. 8th ed. Essex Pearson Education Limited.

Baraka Film Review Essay

Baraka is a non-verbal documentary filmed in 1992 by Ron Fricke. It has no script, no actors and no voice-over. It shows footage of landscapes, churches, ancient ruins, religious ceremonies and cities filmed using time lapse to show the daily lifestyle of humanity exactly as it is. The film begins with a serial of slow motion footage of sacred religious ruins which emphasises the calm and peacefulness of such religious places.It also shows many other aspects of temper including volcanos, waterfalls, clouds, stars and humans in disposition for example the Baliness men performing a contemporary chant imitating monkeys. It shows nature which has been untouched by man. Ron Fricke then takes a completely different direction and shows how nature has been manipulated by technology and how man has created war, concentration camps and huge cities.In this chapter a shot of an elaborate tattoo on a Japanese gangster whom is cleanse is compared with the tribal paint on children and adults, t wo different cultures sharing completely different views on religion and beliefs but expressing themselves in similar ways. Busy pipe terminals, hectic rushed streets with people rushing everywhere are shown and in the middle of all the busyness is a monk walking peacefully in time with the bell he is ringing. One perfect step at a time, this shows how people living in the same area can be so different, in the way of dress, work and beliefs.The final chapter shows old but still living cultures, architectural remains of past civilizations. It shows the efforts of humans to keep our introduction beautiful and to worship their own gods no matter what culture and thank them for the land they live on and survive off. In one evening eon a desert sky turns black and stars roll by as they are filmed on a time lapse and the camera moves easy closer to the trees. The feeling is like viewing the universe through a telescope and that we are all just tiny specks in this great enlarged world .

Evaluating Eighteenth Century Poetry Essay

Evaluating eighteenth century poem is not an easy task. After all, the use of language, the cultural references, and the metaphors utilize then might be a little too different from what are being used now. As such, it would be necessary to take into composition the usage of the languagethe construction, the idioms being used then, as well as the different expressions being used then. The following points outline several points in reading, enjoying, and evaluating poetry in the eighteenth century.I. Introduction The authors who wrote poetry in the eighteenth century should be reviewed briefly so that a student may gain some(prenominal) familiarity to 18th century poetry.II. Historical Context and State of the Art. A brief description of the social situation in the period will also be in order as these would lend color and appearance to the poetic inspirations and situations depicted in the poetry then.III. Literary Devices. In evaluating poetry, the reader should be on the visito ut for several literary devices such as metaphors, similes, and personification among others. These would also point to the topics and themes explored then. These literary devices can then be analyzed internally as to their effectiveness in conveying the poems message during the period.IV. Language. The language of the eighteenth century is far different from today. As such, it would be necessary to look into the language used, the manner of sentence construction as well as the overall usage and popularity of the language then. Finally, there could also be a room to trace the legacy of these poetry to poetry today.

Customer Relationship Management Systems Education Essay

Sing that the companys concern schemes turn out to be to a great extent nodes based with the revision and personalize inspection and repair, the ( IT ) information engineering be practise about usage of non merely to supply expediencys and merchandises within and concern, but besides to provide end- exploiters of the organisations points for ingestion and services. Specially, the use of IT adjoins as a new facet to blood dispenseing, recognized as node Relationship Management ( CRM ) and at its inside, is about obtaining customer, supplying services, cognizing them good, and looks frontward to their demands ( L.Ryals and A. Payne.2001 ) . Conventional selling concentrated on the four Ps ( mo fireary value, topographic point, merchandise and publicity ) for intensifying market portion from side to side addition in the measure of minutess among the purchasers and Sellerss. Although client human kind charge converge on utilizing schemes, tolls and engineering for encourag ement the affinity among the marketer and client focussing on increasing gross revenues net incomes, processs, client satisfaction and profitableness.However, to repartee the nucleus inquiry I will cover up the undermentioned stairssThe Main CRM SystemsDefinition of CRM ( Customer Relationship Management )Advantage and Disadvantages of CRM with congressmanAnd DecisionThe Main CRM SystemsFinnegan, ( 2007 ) defined CRM system as A CRM system is an information system that is used to be after, agenda and command the presales and post-sales activities in an organisations . CRM comprise all portion of covering with bing and possible clients earthy saless, selling and service or proficient dungeon etc. some clock times its cry out back office and front office systems because they atomic number 18 the border with the client. CRM systems are collected of analytical and operational parts. Operational CRM The bellow diagram ( figure-1 ) are shown based on the three basic parts of the CRM which contains SFA ( gross revenues force automation ) Gross saless CRM entail appraisal about telephone gross revenues, web gross revenues, retail shop roll in the hayvass, and field gross revenues CSS ( client service and support ) Service CRM entail client conventional applications related to name Centre informations, web self-service informations, and radio informations And EMA ( endeavor selling mechanization ) selling CRM involves line for informations, content informations and informations analysis.Definition of Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) Harmonizing to nucleus demand and as an indispensable constituent of CRM we should do clear about what dose digital house mean is. Keneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon ( 2007 ) defined digital house as A digital house is one where about all of the organisations important concern relationships with clients, providers and employees are digitally enables . However it is an interior concern process are achieved in the c lass of digital webs across the whole organisation or linking legion organisations. at that place are some(prenominal) definitions of CRM have been explicated and illuminate by different writers in different position. Pancucci ( 2002 ) observes that there are a figure of definitions of CRM, even taking the ordering into the domain of societal scientific discipline where the psychological science, air forms of group of people, and socio-economic position are seen as critical use of purchasing finding . near are shown bellowGronroos, ( 1999 ) defined CRM is a direct branch of the selling Concept he explained as CRM is a committedness to at the same time hike client satisfaction and stockholders value by supplying consistent, seamless, high-quality experiences for valued client .Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne, ( 1991 ) defined CRM as it is the integrating of client service quality and selling, which has as its concern the double focal point of acquiring and maintaining cli ent .Strauss and Frost, ( 2001 ) defined CRM as it is a holistic procedure of identifying, pulling, distinguishing and retaining client .Grtner Group, ( 1999 ) CRM is a subject a doctrine even that requires concern to recognize and foster their relationship with clients. With CRM, an single client s demands and penchants are available to anyone in the concern working at the client interface, irrespective of channel. Each client is treated as an person in a relationship that feels like one-to-one .However, thought behind the CRM is coterie up single association with clients, pleasuring different clients in a different manner based on the information acquired on their front-runners, first picks, and disbursement designs activates a concern executes to place, develop, gear up, and retain progressively profitable and loyal clients by presenting the exact merchandise or service, to the exact clients at the near clip, through the precise channel, and the right cost in the shop planning and supply concatenation functions through concern process mechanization, engineering solution and information ownerships to do the most all client contact.Advantages of Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) Customer relationship direction helps the concern houses which have determined to implement CRM scheme can ease with Numberss of pursuit advantagesConstruct up client keeping and truenessCustomer trueness can be defined harmonizing to Mcllroy and Barnet ( 2000 ) as client s committedness to make concern with a peculiar administration, buying their goods and services repeatedly, and urging the services and merchandises to friends and associated . thitherfore, the nucleus benefits of the client keeping and trueness are construct up gigantic term relationship and steer finally to hike net incomes and gross revenues, doing mind of belonging, in the sentiment of Uncles ( 1994 ) harmonizing to consumer trueness programmes apprehensiveness is willing to introduce on be half of clients, a feeling that the seller is acquire ready to listen, is caring and concerned and consideration methods. The consequence we can acknowledge as a keeping and trueness is an of import facet for client relationship direction harmonizing to Byrom ( 2001 ) there are much than 150 trueness strategies and about 40 million trueness humour game in the UK.For illustration Tesco trueness Club-card, introduce 1995 was to offer as benefits to regular shoppers whilst assisting the company discover more about its client demands ( Tesco, 2004 ) . The accomplishment of Tesco Club-card had been successful and historied in the food market universe as Smith, ( 2004 ) harmonizing to Club-card accomplishment evaluation a 3rd of UK places use the plan .Improved Customer acquisition RatessCustomer acquisition is an parlance used to explicate the tactics and systems to pull off client point of view and enquiry typically allocate to the organisations to recite the effectiveness of ef fect to pick of promotional activities through out the client lifecycle. However, client geting rate helps to the organisations with follow up client relationship direction ( CRM ) chance for cross-selling, repetition buying, up-selling and bring forthing advanced gross growing.For illustration Tesco Personal Finance ( TPF ) reached acquisition rates December 2008 for hard currency consideration of virtually 950m lb and get 6m Tesco Finance Customer histories with successfully followed by client relationship direction. ( Andrew Higginson, 2008 )Improve Cross Selling and up-sellingCross selling refers to selling things that are correlated or can be included with the points being sold. And up merchandising is the techniques of offering clients a merchandise in addendum to the merchandise are soon buying. For illustration if they sell digital Mobile, it makes sense to suggest linked merchandises to their client more long life battery, screen, charger etc. or if they are up sell to t heir client they can offer about anything in addendum to the points clients are antecedently paying attending. However, it is encourage to client to come once more in the shop with purchasing purpose to clip, and enhance to doing long term relationship as a portion of client relationship direction activity.Hike the edit out or Name centre effectivityTaylor and Bain ( 1999 ) has been defined call Centre as it is a dedicated operation with employees focused wholly on client service maps, employees are utilizing telephone and computing machine at the same time, and where call procedure controlled and processed by an automatic distribution system . There has been consistent recent en colossalment in call Centre inspection and repair world-wide, with the call Centre of the modern-day expected to progress into the client admittance Centre of the hereafter, and supplying a new economical footing for assorted organisations. The activity and effectivity of a call Centre are deriving clie nt orientation, service precedence, growing of turnover, and contribute wholly on the client service map.For illustration UK largest Mobile networking company o2 has given responsibly to keep client service activity through assorted call Centres such as Active Business Communication call Centre, Active Digital call Centre, Aerial call Centre and so on ( www.o2.co.uk accessed-16/01/10 ) . And they are determined to give first-class clients feedback on-behalf of o2 Mobile web to keep good client relation. However, client relationship direction has being bearing a great advantage for encouragement the contract or name centre effectivity with the enterpriser and standard client service.Deliver a individual, knowing position of the clientA watercourse advantages for a company removeing out by following client relationship direction system are placing and aim the greatest clients and coevals of distinction of excellence directed for the gross revenues force, create direction of gross r evenues and marketing campaigns more effective by puting precise ends, established features relationships with the clients with the vision to do the most house s net incomes and advancement client satisfaction, Understanding the desires of employees and continue a sound co-relationship with them.Disadvantages of Customer Relationship Management System ( CRM ) Not merely CRM system has advantages so far it can be such a travail as followsHigh Software CostFor the most portion state of matters insist package support for client relationship direction affair but the cost of such package is normally elevated. For illustration Wendy Close, research manager at Stamford, Conn.-based Garthner Inc. , allocated the cost for most favorite SIEBAEL CRM package at $ 16000 to $ 25000 per user, a sum that includes package, preparation, services and hardware. However, this cost might non be low-cost where fewer figure of seats and non holding often economic systems of graduated table convey the mo netary value down to $ 12000 for each user. ( www.searchcrm.techtarget.com ) Accessed-16/01/10 Managing DatasIt is non easy to get by with Immigration and Naturalization Services and outs of informations warehousing and informations disfiguration engineerings. It entails a muckle of historical informations to scrutiny analysis and analyze the tapping of information energetic out of it. For illustration the article says on respect Tesco Data Swapping with Oil of Olay and raises a large inquiry This is traveling to be large, and non merely in fast traveling consumer goods . Alan Mitchell ( 2002 )Not Easy to ProcessThe appraisal of CRM procedure and its operation is non an easy mission. It requires third-dimensional public presentation, and multifactor client behavior which are hard to qualify. Even if they are described in some state of affairs largely score card or in metric format, which is frequently hard to rehearse and understand them. A study found that conducted by researc h and consultative house Gartner ( Zimmer, 2006 ) more than half of the organisations who have implemented the CRM have troubles after execution . Harmonizing Crowbars, C. & A Stone, M. ( 2004 ) Aberdeen Group CRM Spending and Satisfaction study ( February, 2003 ) identified that on a user ranged among of somehow satisfied and satisfied scope from one ( non satisfied ) and to five ( wholly satisfied ) which are depends on Area/ location.Approachs of past purchasing behavior of consumer might nt be same in the hereafter excessively Majority of CRM move towards with cod informations on the past buying behavior of client and set abouting it as the likely behavior in farther excessively. This could be an immoral guess in a figure of positions. Customer constrains maintain on electrical switch and varies upon the criticalness of the intent and the degree of letdown with the bing options. For illustration, an article study says Tesco broadband dissatisfaction rate due to hapless cl ient service and experience 2009 churn rates of around 20 % per annum. However the 20 % are used to regular client of Tesco. ( www.phone-shop.tesco.com/latest-news ) Accessed-17/01/10 DecisionHowever in the terminal of the study it is explicable that, In malice of that, the client relationship direction has become a maximal precedence for legion of companies. Bohling et Al. ( 2006 ) remarks on diary of CRM execution as in many competitory markets, concern invest well in CRM execution recently though, companies have become progressively displeased with client relationship direction apply, as the bulk of them are falling short of the outlooks that precede them and are hence considered failures . Conversely, though it has being first prioritized for many companies but non all companies are being success based on comparison to advantage and disadvantages of client relationship direction in digital houses. Kumar and Shah ( 2008 ) argued that CRM offers house strategic benefits, such as greater client satisfaction, and trueness . Anders ( 1996 ) remarks as it is a higher response cross-selling attempts and better word-of-mouth promotion .However, though some disadvantages and statement has been placed but it is should be remind that CRM assists a company dressed ore on the client as an assets side by side consumers are non forced to by necessity in the same organisation. Many companies waste a batch of money obtain new clients and waste it by neglecting to get to cognize and grok their client, retain and maintain in grip with them. Therefore, Company should setup CRM system based on allow to clients to manage their relationship with multiple providers instead than the other manner embracing.BibliographyL. Ryals, and A. Payne, ( 2001 ) Customer relationship direction in fiscal services towards information enabled relationship selling, diary of strategic selling, vol.9, pp. 4-27.Anderson, Eugene W. ( 1996 ) client satisfaction and monetary value tolerance, s elling letters, vol.7. ( July ) , pp.265-74Kumar, V. ( 2008 ) , managing client for net income . Upper Saddle River, NJ Wharton School Publishing. -and Denish Shah ( 2004 ) , edifice and prolonging profitable client trueness for the twenty-first Century, journal of Retailing, 80 ( 4 ) , pp.317-30T.Bohling, D.Bowman, S.Lvalle, V.Mittal, G. Ramani et Al. ( 2006 ) , CRM execution Effective issues and penetrations, Journal of Service Research 9 ( 2 ) , pp.184-194.Performance of Customer Relationship Management with Diagram hypertext expatriation protocol //www.kssi.ae.wroc.pl/mowoc/Dydaktyka/MIS/Lect5.pdf Accessed- 09/01/10 Strauss, J. & A Frost, R. ( 2001 ) , E-marketing. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.Gronroose, C. ( 1999 ) . Relationship selling Challenges for the organisation. Journal of Business Research, vol.46, pp.327-355.Gartner Group, ( 1999 ) , specifying CRM available at C. Pries & A M. Stone ( 2004 ) Managing CRM execution with consultants- CRM or alter direct ion? , diary of alteration direction, vol.4, No.4, ( December ) , pp.352-370Christopher, M. Payne, A. and Ballantyne, D. ( 1991 ) Relationship Marketing- delivery quality, Customer Service, and selling together, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd. , Oxford.Keneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon ( 2007 ) pull offing the digital house, 9th edi. Upper saddle river, NJ Prentice Hall.Finnegan, D & A Willcocks, L ( 2007 ) Implementing CRM from engineering to knowledge, jhon willy and boies LTD. Wet Sussex, England.Mcllroy, A. , Barnett, S. ( 2000 ) , edifice client relationships do dismiss card plants? pull offing the service quality, Vol. 10 no. 6. Pp.347-55Uncles, M. ( 1994 ) Do you or your client need a trueness strategy? , diary of Targeting, measuring and analysis for selling, vol. 2 no.4, pp.335-50Byrom, J. ( 2001 ) the function of trueness card informations within local selling enterprises , supranational diary of Retiling & A Distribution Management, vol. 29 No. 7.pp.333-42Tesco, ( 2 004 ) , Corporate information , p. 1-3 available at www.tescocorporate.com accessed-17/01/2010 Smith, J. ( 2004 ) , Every small aid , The Ecologist, vol. 34 No.7, pp.1-9Higginson, A ( 2008 ) , can Tosco truly offer the same value as my bank , p.1-4 available at www.tescoplc.com/annualreport09/storage/pdf/retailing_services.pdf accessed- 17/01/10 O2 Centre of first-class partner- hypertext transfer protocol //www.o2.co.uk/sme/whyo2/o2partners/excellence-centre accessed-16/01/10 Taylor, P. and Bain, P. ( 1999 ) , An assembly line in the caput work and employee dealingss in the call Centre , Industrial Relations Journal, vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 101-17Cost of Siebel CRM package hypertext transfer protocol //searchcrm.techtarget.com/tip/Siebel-CRM-software-costs accessed- 16/01/10 Alan Mitchell ( 2002 ) , Can company affords to portion CRM strategies? p.1-1 available at www.marketlocation.com accessed-14/01/10 Zimmer, J. ( 2006 ) , Be ready to take the heat , computer addr ess CRM, Viewpoint available at www.destinationcrm.com accessed-14/01/10 Tesco Telecom, overseas telegram & A warless ( November, 2009 ) , available at hypertext transfer protocol //phone-shop.tesco.com/latest-news/Tesco % 20Telecoms % 20CW % 20release % 20FINAL.pdf accessed 17/01/10 Crowbars, C. & A Stone, M. ( 2004 ) , whirl offing CRM execution with consultants- CRM or alter direction job with CRM execution, diary of alteration direction vol. 4. No.4, pp.350-370.

Mongol Change and Continuity

Matthew Choi Period 4 11/25/12 MONGOLS CCOT quiz The Mongols were a vast and influential empire that spread throughout Eurasia. From the time of Genghis Khan to the Yuan dynasty, the Mongols experienced numerous changes in their lifestyle and leadership as they strayed from their nomadic ancestry. However, while they experienced some changes, they still clung tightly to their culture until the end of the empire. Genghis Khan was the founder and emperor of the great Mongol Empire, and as a result, it became the largest contiguous land empire in all(a) of history.Genghis Khan sought to unify the Mongols, and conquered nomadic Mongol tribes, unifying them at Karakorum, the capital of the Mongolian Empire. Whether on the battlefield or at home, Genghis was famous for his ruthless brutality. For example, when he defeated Mongol clans, he boiled all of their chiefs alive while killing all males taller than a wheel. As a result, he struck fear into the hearts of men women and children, and all that he opposed viewed the Mongols as an invincible empire.In 1211 Genghis Khan broke through the Great Wall of China, which the Chinese thought was an ultimate defense but when Genghis pierced it, they were terrified by his seemingly undefeatable army. He spread his regularize across central and Southeast Asia during his reign, but he could not conquer Japan because of divine kamikaze winds and the Mongol fleet was destroyed. This proved that the Mongols were not an invincible force, they could be killed, and this shifted the peoples view on the Great Khan.The Pax Mongolica, or The Mongolian Peace was a time period that lasted for about a century during the Mongol Empire. During this time, intercontinental trade flourished because of the reopened trade routes, including the Silk Road. This time period is also used to describe the stabilization of the Mongol culture. While traveling through the routes and conquering other lands, the Mongols unplowed to their nomadic ancestry. They lived in Mongol yurts, which were portable dwellings made of pelts and ooden poles, and these were ideal for nomadic travel. The geography of Central Asia consist of deserts and grassy landscapes, where agriculture is hard to support. The nomads cerebrate on the domestication of strong and healthy grazing animals so the Mongols would have enough food, shelter, and clothing. Mongol nomads travelled often, and they had to use the teachings of their ancestors in order to survive. Genghis Khans knowledge of his nomadic ancestry is probably one of the biggest reasons why the Mongolian army was so successful.

Ancient Greeks Essay

Ancient Greeks made more influential contributions to horse opera civilization such as in the areas of philosophy, fraud and architecture, and math and science. The Greeks were a rare civilization and contributed things people use in e actu altogethery day life then, and currently. Some real pregnant people of Ancient Greece include Socrates, Aristotle, Pericles, Hippocrates, Euclid, Sophocles, Plato and Galen. All of these people shaped western civilizations, while Greece was in deuce wars at the time. They pushed through hardships and still created innovations that contributed to the western civilization.In the area of Philosophy, Socrates, Aristotle and Plato had a belief system that was real powerful. The philosophers initiated an approached that was based on reason. Their theories were diverse and they tried to identify underlying principles. Socrates believed in the encouragement of question, saying that a life without examination is not worth living. Aristotle thought that people should to live for a reason, and strive for that reason. Plato was a philosopher, and student of Socrates. He laid the make upations for philosophy in western civilizations. These ideas of human reasoning had been a greathearted part of Greeces influence.As well(p) as philosophy, art and architecture were a contribution to the western civilization. As far as the monuments made, columns were used and are well known today. Performances of music and dance were resilient parts of religious festivals. Not precise many forms of art have been saved or found from the time of Ancient Greece. But, dramas and plays took a central role in the culture. Sophocles had created plays, and the most common was tragedy. Greek books contained a strong epic as well including the tales of Iliad and Odyssey, both written by Homer. All of the poems, literature, architecture and dramas were vital for the western civilizations.Math and science were the most important and well-known achieveme nt in the Greeks history. They had achieved every(prenominal) kinds of things in the area of psychology, physics, astrology, math, and medicine. Euclid was a Greek mathematician and was known as the father of geometry. He impacted all ofmath due to his book of Elements. This book had provided many theorems, which had simple forms of geometry. Although the theorems may have not been very complex, they are extremely important. Not only did they influence western civilizations, but the whole world.Medicine was very important in this era. Hippocrates was an ancient Greek physician referred to as the father of western medicine. He adapted the Hippocratic oath stating that he would never supply someone with harmful medicine. As well as medicine, the field of astrology was key. They Greeks had studied the stars and the way things had worked in the atmosphere at night. All which were very important for the western civilization.In conclusion, Greeks were very studious and contributed things in the fields of philosophy, math, science and art. They created geometry, astrology, philosophical advancements and art advancement. All of which are used today.

Advanced Marketing course (MBA)

research I Explain the concepts of harvest atmosphere width, length, depth, and consistency. Use instances to support your answer. A increase commix is a collection of a large variety of fruit lines. A product line is a multitude of items or products closely related and lie indoors a product class as the functions coiffeed by them be similar, have the same group of clients, range within the given price or ar advertised and marketed by the same points or outlets. Every political partys product mix encompasses certain width, depth, consistency and length. production width Refers to the physique of diametric product lines carried by the comp either. For e. g. Unilever deals with food tick offs, rest home care and individualized care products indeed it offers a product mix width of 3 lines. Product length The total number of different items or products in a champion product line refers to the product length for e. g. if we organize food brands of Unilever thence B est foods, Knorr, Birds Eye, Lipton and Ben & Jerrys ties the product length of the limited product line of food brands. Product depth The variants of each product in a product line refers to the product depth for e. . if we take Lipton, it comes in two formulations loose powder afternoon tea and tea bags as well as it also comes in different types such black tea, green tea and herbal tea, so this would mean that Lipton has a depth of 5, as it branches out in 5 different variants. Product consistency How closely the different product lines are related to each weaken in use, requirements, production , short letters and scattering or some other possible itinerary for e. g. If we take Unilever then their advanceds are consistent in a way that all of their goods are consumer durable and are distributed through and through the same channel.Similarly they are less consistent as each of their goods serves different buyers and also perform different functions for them. Question I I In imagening its market offering, the marketer must address the phoebe bird dollar bill product speaks of the customer value hierarchy. Describe the customer value hierarchy and identify the five levels of product contained within. Customer value hierarchy is an approach of viewing customer value. It is in a hierarchical mission telling us about how the customer relates and views a product.The customer value hierarchy is pyramid regulate with its base comprising of the basic customer value followed by the expected, unanticipated and desired levels. The five levels of product contained within it are as follows Core benefit This is the basic level. It actually refers to the benefit or the inspection and repair the customer wants to have out the product he buys. Benefit providers, is how a marketer must see himself. staple fibre product This is the next important level where the core benefit is converted into a basic product by the marketer.Expected product The third importa nt level where an expected product is created by the marketer. By expected product we mean a set of conditions or attributes expected by the buyer when he purchases the product. Augmented product In this level such a product is created by the marketer which is distant beyond the expectations of the customer and is referred as an augmented product. Brand positioning and competitions usually starts from this level in true countries where as in stupefying countries like India competition starts from expected product level.Potential product This level comprises of all the possible changing or augmentations the product expresss to face in future. New ways of fit customers and distinguishing the product and its offering starts from this level. Question III Explain the concept of a hyb resign channel distribution schema. When would this system be exceed utilized? When would this system non be beneficial? Hybrid channel distribution is when a marketer utilizes more than bingle or a multi channel distribution design. It is mavin of the most widely used and important channel distribution systems among the vertical swap net run away.A single firm lavatory easily cater multiple merchandising segments by setting up two or as many market channels using hybrid channel distribution system. Firms loosely establish a hybrid system as multiple targets and segments rump be approached. If we take the example of star bucks well notice that it follows many distribution designs as they use direct retail system by selling to the stores owned by the company, selling through grocery stores following a single troupe selling system and also via direct mail following the direct marketing system. Also other distribution systems are utilized by the company.Hybrid channel distribution system works the best when a company serves a wider market and also the marketer knows what system suits the best to its customer way of doing the business. The Hybrid channel communication syst em carries a lot of potential for channel conflict, therefore in the case of conflicts this multi channel system does prove to be that beneficial as it may result in improper channel utilization and blocking probabilities. Question IV In designing a marketing channel system, the marketer must understand the service output levels desired by target customers. take provide five service outputs. List and briefly describe each of these outputs. In developing marketing channel systems, needs of the customers are analyzed, objectives of the channel are established and major channel alternatives are evaluated. The five service outputs produced by the channels are Lot size The quantity of items possible for the channel to make available to a customer on one occasion. For e. g. a wholesaler will unendingly pick out a channel that clear supply him a large lot size of units. Waiting and gross gross sales talk era The time taken by the channel to deliver goods to the customers.A customer normally does not like waiting a lot for receiving the goods and prefer a faster system. Spatial convenience The period to which the channel makes it convenient for its customers to receive the product. For e. g. if we consider TCS then well notice that it has more offices situated in every(prenominal) area nearby and customers save a lot on transportation as compared to OCS which has less offices and dealers, therefore TCS offers more spatial convenience as compared to OCS. Product variety The variety or the assortment bigness of the product that the channel offers to its customers.More variety is preferred by the customers as it increases their chance of finding what they are looking for or fifty-fifty better than that. Service backup Any add on function that the channel provides to its customers such as delivery, installation, repair facilities etc. How good the service backup is, determines how good the channel performs. An increase in the channel cost also takes gear up for the customers in the case of greater service backup. Question V The extraordinary growth of direct marketing can be attributed to many factors with both(prenominal) consumers and business are benefiting.List some of the factors that are contributing to the growth of direct marketing. Many factors are involved in the growth of direct marketing. The few most prominent ones are Changing lifestyles is one of the most important factors that have made the customers accepted direct marketing. In these few days the number of women entering the workforce has increased tremendously. This trend contributed a lot to the growth of direct marketing as it became very inconvenient for working women to take time out and go for shopping.They could simply sit at home and select the merchandise of their choice and convenience through mail- ramble shopping and receive all kinds of merchandise at their home only via commercial television, mail, interactive television or via home shopping networks. The bit most important factor that has increased the growth of direct marketing was the increase that has taken place in the cost of personal sales calls which has risen tremendously in the past few years making personal sale calls very expensive.Direct marketing methods have now made personal selling more cost effective. some other factor that has contributed a lot to the growth of direct marketing is technological growth such as computer based technologies. These technologies have enabled the marketers to be more dead on target in the analysis of results, in creating advanced and better customer and prospect databases, better targeting of messages regarding complex demographics and psychographics and even in faster and better execution of packages by direct-mail.Another important factor that has made direct marketing more attractive than mass marketing is the quantity of available product and services has across-the-boardy grown as through direct marketing a greater variety and number of products and services can be offered to a smaller group of prospects. Due to an increase in the use of telephones as a means to order has also helped direct marketing to grow and prosper as placing an order through a telephone results in faster order fulfillment and also makes the customer get rid of any delays connected with the mail order system.Question VI Most companies set annual quotas. Quotas can be on dollar sales, unit volume, and margin, selling effort or activity and product type. requital is often tied to the degree of quota attainment. What jobs does the setting of quotas present to both the company and to the sales representative? gross sales quotas are set by a lot of companies to encourage and provide incentives to the sales representatives in order to meet their daily challenges and also to motivate them to work more effectively bringing out good results for the company.First a sales forecast is created by the company which becomes the basis of plan ning production, financial requirements and workforce size but the sales quotas create a lot of problems for the sales representatives and the company. Problems cause the company or the sale representative to suffer a lot for e. g. when the company underestimates and the sale representative is already bother then the company has over paid them. Similarly when the company overestimates the potential of the sales, it gets very hard for the sales representatives to match up to their quotas and eventually they get frustrated leading them to even quit at times.Another disadvantage is that often quotas ignore the service side of the business as it usually enables the sales representatives to get a lot of business. Another problem is that only short term results are gained by the company though providing customer satisfaction for a very long term. Due to all these problems faced by the company and the sale representatives most companies have dropped quotas and are adopting other systemati c and proper means of attracting sales representatives to work at their best. Question VII The new product development process starts with the search for ideas.New-product ideas can come from interacting with various groups and using creativity-generating techniques. List these techniques. New innovative product ideas can be created every by interacting with other people such as your own customers and getting their ideas or also by using creativity generating techniques for developing and enhancing creativity in individuals working for the company. These techniques are as follows Attribute list In this technique each attribute of a product is listed and then modification is done to it. For e. g. f we take milk box, we can modify it by regenerate the paper box by a glass bottle then it is painted differently and the cap is replaced by a cork etc. Forced relationships Several ideas are listed then each idea is considered in relation to other ideas. For e. g. in designing a bed room, you consider a bed and a sofa as separate ideas. whence you think of getting a sofa bed that can serve both the purposes. morphological analysis It refers to listing every possible combination for creating many innovative solutions. For e. g. we take a problem like getting something cooked.First think of the dimensions such as how well cooked like half cooked, full cooked or baked. Then think of the possible mediums such as stove, on fire or oven and the queen source such as electric oven, gas over or electric stove. Reverse surmisal analysis This is done by noting down all the assumptions and the possibilities about an entity and then reversing them. For e. g. lets take a photographic film that plays a movie of the audience choice, charges for the movie and provide snacks. Now if we apply the check assumption analysis we will reverse every assumption.The cinema will now show any movie that the owner gets charges not for the movie but for sitting as long in the cinema and inst ead of snacks offers fast food. New contexts Consider a familiar process and re-design it into a new context. For e. g. replacing people-helping services with animals such as cats and dogs. Mind mapping Start with a thought such as food, note it down. Then note down the next thought that comes into your mind such as pizza. Then link both the thoughts that are food and pizza and think of the next association that will be Italy.Associate a new thought with every other word that comes up. Doing this might lead to a whole new idea. Question VIII Explain the product or brand management governing body and list its advantages and disadvantages. Only a company that produces different variety of products or the production capacity is beyond the ability or control of the in operation(p) organization establishes a product management organization. It however has some other form of management but doesnt replace the functional organization. A product category motorbus is under the supervision of a product managing director.A product category manager manages and supervises specific brand and product managers. Product and brand management is sometime referred to as hub and spoke system with the brand manager in the center and managing various departments. The brand managers develop competitive strategies for the product, think of an annual marketing plan and predict sales, initiates improvements in the product to meet the changing needs of the market and also continuously work with advertising agencies for the promotion of their product. Advantages of product or brand managementA product manager always develops a cost-effective marketing mix A product manager always ends up reacting right away to new and innovative products. Smaller brands produced by the company get a product advocate. Disadvantages of product or brand management Lack of authority to product and brand managers in carrying out their responsibilities. Lack of functional expertise as they are only experts in their own product areas. High costs associated with the system as every major product or brand requires an individual to manage it.Even barbarian products and brands are catered by different individuals. Brands are usually managed by the brand managers for a short time which leads to short term planning and fails in developing long term strengths. Its harder for the management to develop a national strategy due to the fragmentation of the markets. Product and brand managers are more concentrate towards gaining the market share for the company rather than developing healthy customer relationships.

Cult of Masculinity in “In the Country of Men”

In the playscript In the Country of Men, Hisham Matar, the author discusses his childhood experience in the 1970s during the revolution in Libya. The judgment of conviction when men overpowered and completely dominated women. The title itself describes Libya as a country that belongs to men where women be use like tools. We moderate that Sulei art object wants to become a man as soon as possible finished the story but on the other hand, the story also talks ab go forth a pistillate being Suleimans mother Najwa who thinks she lost her freedom when she was retributive 14 and had to get married.However, after all last(predicate) the development from the 1970s till today, the current generation considers both men and women equally powered. Right from the starting, it butt end be predicted that Suleiman wants to be a man. When baba goes on the so called business trip, Suleiman is the only male in the kinsfolk making him the man of the house. It is just the way of life how ba ba says it every time he leaves Take occupy of your mother, you are the man of the house now (61). Suleiman handles these responsibilities very well.He calculates care of his mother as he knows very well that she is ill every time baba is not home and wants to take over a mens responsibility of taking care of his mother. He up to now talks about him willing to take responsibilities like his father and be just like him, a man. Later in the story, we also see the cult of masculinity urge through Suleiman when he and the other neighborhood kids were at Adnans house to look at him inserting an injection in himself due to his illness. I also prayed for a disease that would throw me what Adnan had (126).Suleiman thinks that Adnans disease makes him seem older and more independent like a man. Thus Suleiman wants to admit Adnans illness so that he too could be like a man. I couldnt wait to be a man (148). Suleimans words prove how he wants to become a man and does not want to fall int o kids category. However, on the other side, there are still clues given throughout the story that prove how Suleiman has failed to be a man. For example, during the visit of the RCC (Revolutionary Committee Men) to Babas house to find Baba and any evidence against him. I was wet beneath my clothes and realized what I had done.The pee felt warm and cold and sticky to my skin (64). When the RCC man had asked him about his father, Suleiman gets scared and pees himself not being able to control him. Even though he was the man of the house this incident proves him as a kid who kindlenot control himself. Another example was when Najwa tells Suleiman about how Faraj, who she belonged to, and all the other men out there had to puncture his wifes veil and bleed her to prove his wife as a virgin. I didnt know what Mama meant, but feared that when the time came I might not devote what it takes to puncture a women (13).Suleiman fears he might not be able to do the duty that every man is to do to prove his wife a virgin. Even though there are approximately responsibilities of a man that Suleiman has fulfilled, he still doubts if he will be able to be a real man just like his father was. Najwa, Suleimans mom, as she like to say, lost her freedom when she was just 14 age old. She had been forced to marry a completely strange man who was 9 years older than her even though she wanted to complete her education first. She being the girl was not even allowed to reject the marriage or even argue to defend herself. The spunky Council decided my fate (144). When she says High Council it meant all the males in the house her father and all her brothers. Here we see that women had no choices but to go after what the males or so called High Council said. Also the only reason why the family to marry Najwa as readily as possible is because one of her brother had seen her with another guy same age as her at the Italian Coffee shop and so they wanted to get rid of her before someo ne can spread rumors about them and ruin their reputation.In a family like Najwas, members cared more about the familys reputation and so ever caring about a woman. She remembered her grandmother say to her If a break ones back came to propose, a slave as black as this night, I would give you to him(144). This definitely proven that girls/women did not have any right to speak up for themselves. They were just there to keep their men happy and follow their orders. by and by the Black day day she got forced to marry baba, her life has not changed very much.She is only there to keep baba happy since he is the man of the house. When baba is away she is ill. She starts drinking alcohol as a sign of depression due to the freedom she has lost. And when baba returns, she dresses up good to please her man. During those nights, when Baba was home, Mama dragged her blanket behind her to the sofa (85). She does not like to sleep in the bed with Bu Suleiman even though he is her husband. Ho wever if the man demands something then she could not reject him.She is basically like a slave of the man in the house. For example, the matrimonial bed scene describes what she has to do for her man. I saw him on top of her. she lay beneath him, unmoving, evidenceion away(86). Also, the only role of women seen in the book is A women had to be young and strong overflowing to bear children and serve the man well into his old age (151). This definitely proves how women did not have the rights to express them self, were treated like slaves and their only role was to obey their man.Therefore, it could be concluded that the Cult of Masculinity has a huge impact on Suleiman and Mama. Males are always considered the higher authority in a family. It changes the way how Suleiman thinks and how Um Suleiman Najwa losses her rights to live her life the way she wants to. However, it still concerns me why women were treated so unequally compared to today. immediately the women do not just h ave to take care of their family but can also depart in any type of career they want to, while being treated equally as men.

Describe why schools have policies and procedures Essay

Identify the of import types of state and independent schools and make out the characteristics of different types of schools in relation to educational typifys and school goernance.The majority of state funded schools atomic number 18 maintained by local anaesthetic authorities and add up the national curriculum, national pay and conditions, they are overseen by local authority. The differences over state schools are who their staff, who owns the land and buildings and who controls access codes for example. Community schools are run by local authority and the local authorities employs the staff, owns the land and buildings and finalise the admission policy. However, foundation and trust schools are run by the presidential term dead body but are maintained by local authority. They employ their own staff and decide their own admissions policy and the land and building are usually owned by the governing body or charity and is non- clamsable. Both examples follow the national cu rriculum and the educational key sets.Key stage 1 3-5 yrsKey stage 2 5-7 yrsKey stage 3&4 11-16 yrsKey stage 5 16-18yrsEvery state school has a governing body, the type and size of the school lead decide the size of the governing body. The responsibilities vary for example residential district schools governing body consists of a detail number of governors for various categories, the following categories are parent governor, staff governor, authority governor and community governor. radical and trust schools usually decide their own governing body. Both have the role of monitoring schools serve and setting targets. So basically they are both state school, but local authority runs community and foundation and run by governing body but maintained my LEA.Independent schools are non maintained by local authority or central government, they do not have to follow national curriculum but most consider to do so. The head and the governors decide on admission policies and staffing an d the framework and structure of the school, they are obliged to register with the DfE so they can be monitored by ISI. They are profitrunning schools and some have charitable status so they can apply for evaluate relief. Most independent schools educational stages are as followsPrep school 4-11yrsSenior school 11-16yrs ordinal form 16-18yrsThe different types of independent schools are based on where the schools funding comes from for example. Parochial schools are generally funded by religious groups and managed by the religious institution to which they belong. The schools are usually governed by interim executive director board of governors where they have foundation governors which are appointed by the religion they are associated with. One of the main missions would be to teach the religion the school is associated with. Whereas proprietary or private career schools they are profit based schools and the schools directors are not ruled by the governing body if they choose to have a governing body. The main mission for these schools would be occupationally related education and market related. Whereas if proprietary school choose to have a governing body it is a limited system of governance, they are chosen by the governing body there and the proprietor with the proprietor having the final say in all matters.

Corporations Concluded

1. (TCO E) For federal tax con measureptions, royalty income that is not derived in the characterless course of a production line is classified as (Points 5) portfolio income. answer mobile income. passive income. None of the to a higher place 2. (TCO F) When comparing corporate and individual taxation, the side by side(p) statement is true (Points 5) Unlike individual taxpayer, corporate whitethorn not have a long-term gravid issue carryforward. Both types of taxpayers have percentage limitations on the charitable contribution deduction, coupled with a carryover of the excess contribution. All taxpayers may carry authorize operate losings back two twelvemonths, forward 20 years.All of the above. answer 3. (TCO H) Al and Amy file a phrase return for the 2012 tax year. Their familiarized gross income is $80,000. They had net investment income of $7,000. In 2012, they had the following pastime expenses face-to-face credit card interest $4,000 Home mortgage interest $8, 000 Investment interest (on loans used to profane stocks) $10,000 What is the interest deduction for Al and Amy for the 2012 tax year? (Points 5) $8,000 $15,000. answer $12,000 $18,000 4. (TCO B) A contribution made to the following donee is not deductible. (Points 5) Boy Scouts of America Oxford University, England. answerSociety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Michigan extract University California State Fair (an exertion of the State of California) 5. (TCO A) The following taxes were paid by Tim Real estate taxes on his crime syndicate $2,000 State income taxes $900 State gasoline tax (personal use of automobile) $150 In itemizing his deductions, what is the union that Tim may take as a deduction for taxes? (Points 5) $2,000 $2,900. answer $3,050 $0 6. (TCO F) Hoover, Inc. had gross receipts from operations of $230,000, operating and separate expenses of $310,000, and dividends received from a 45 percent-owned domestic stomach of $120,000.Hoovers tax position for the year is (Points 5) $8,000 taxable income. $56,000 net operating loss. answer $40,000 taxable income. $80,000 net operating loss. 7. (TCO G) All of the outstanding stock of a close held C corporation is owned equally by David Smith and Steve Bufusno. In 2012, the corporation generates taxable income of $30,000 from its active business activities. In addition, it earns $20,000 of interest from investments and incurs a $40,000 loss from a passive activity. How much income does the C corporation report for 2012?(Points 5) $10,000 of portfolio income $0 $20,000 of portfolio income. answer None of the above 8. (TCO G) Bob, who is single, has $90,000 of salary, $25,000 of income from a limited partnership, and a $30,000 passive loss from a real estate rental activity in which he actively participates. His modified adjusted gross income is $90,000. Of the $30,000 loss, how much is deductible? (Points 5) $30,000. answer $10,000 $25,000 $0 9. (TCO F) Jen owns a sole proprietorship, and Steve is the sole shareholder of a C (regular) corporation.Each business sustained a $14,000 operating loss and a $3,000 capital loss for the year. label how these losses provide affect the taxable income of the two owners? (Points 17) A sole proprietorship is taxed through the business owners personal tax return. Therefore Jen would enter the $14,000 operating loss from the proprietorship on Schedule C of Form 1040 or one of its variants. This reported loss would graduation any income Jen reported from any another(prenominal) source on her personal income tax filed. As a noncorporate taxpayer Jen feces also deduct the $3000 capital loss for the year.As the sole shareholder of a C corp Steve will see no achievement on his taxable income as the shareholder. Income from a C corporation is reported when the shareholder receive dividends. C corporation losses are not reported by the shareholders. 10. (TCO G) Briefly (1) define and (2) discuss the purpose and impact of each( prenominal) of the following a. at-risk rules b. suspended passive activity losses c. material engagement (Points 18) a. at-risk rules rendering Losses from a business operation are limited to the amount of money you can very lose in the business.You are subject to at-risk rules if you are filing Schedules C, E, or F. Tax laws limiting the amount of losses an investor (usually a limited partner) can claim. Only the amount actually at risk can be deducted. b. suspended passive activity losses Definition A capital loss that cannot be realized in a given tax year due to passive activity limitations. These losses are therefore suspended until they can be netted against passive income in a incoming tax year. Suspended losses are incurred as a result of passive activities, and can besides be carried forward.Suspended losses that are incurred as a result of the disposition of a passive interest are subject to an annual capital loss limit. Suspended losses can, however, be used to off set income realized in a later year that is generated from material participation in the activity that ab initio produced the loss. For example, if a taxpayer incurs a $5,000 suspended loss in one year from a passive activity and then materially participates in the activity the following year and earns $10,000, then the suspended loss may be applied against $5,000 of the earned income, leaving the taxpayer with $5,000 of declarable income for the year.c. material participation. Definition A set of criteria that determines whether a taxpayer is a material participant in a business venture. The material participation test will determine whether business income received by the taxpayer is active or passive. Material participation is determined each year. The IRS has seven tests to determine material participation The taxpayer works 500 hours or more during the year in the activity. The taxpayer does cheeringly all the work in the activity.The taxpayer works more than 100 hours in the activity during the year and no one else works more than the taxpayer. The activity is a significant participation activity (SPA), and the sum of SPAs in which the taxpayer works 100-500 hours exceeds 500 hours for the year. The taxpayer materially participated in the activity in any 5 of the prior(prenominal) 10 years. The activity is a personal service activity and the taxpayer materially participated in that activity in any 3 prior years.Based on all of the facts and circumstances, the taxpayer participates in the activity on a regular, continuous, and substantial basis during such year. However, this test only applies if the taxpayer works at least 100 hours in the activity, no one else works more hours than the taxpayer in the activity, and no one else receives compensation for managing the activity. Determination of material participation is complicated, and omit of material participation can result in passive loss rules. If you think lack of material participation may be a n issue in your business, check with your tax adviser.