Study And Overview Of The Scientific Calculator Computer Science Essay

work And Overview Of The Scientific Calculator Computer Science EssayThe first scientific shrewd machine that entangled all of the basic features above was the programm open Hewlett-Packed HP-9 one CA released in 1968, though the Wang LOCI-2 and the Mechatronics Mathatron had whatsoever features later identify with scientific calculator designs. The HP-9100 series was reinforced goodly from discrete transistor logic with no integrated circuits, and was unrivalled of the first subprograms of the CORDIC algorithm for shipshapeonometric computation in a in the flesh(predicate) computing device, as well as the first calculator mingy on reverse Polish nonation entry. HP became closely identified with RPN calculators from then on, and even today some of their high-end calculators ( partitionicularly the long-lived HP-12C financial calculator and the HP-48 series of graphing calculators) still glumer RPN as their default input fashion due to having garnered a genuinely large following.The HP-35 introduced on February 1, 1972, was Hewlett-Packards first sacque calculator and the worlds first handheld scientific calculator. Like some of HPs ground calculators it employ reverse Polish bank note Introduced at US$395, the HP-35 was forthcoming from 1972 to 1975. HP continues to develop and market high-end scientific calculators, like the HP-35s and HP-49 series, which induce been advance by scientists and engineers, in labs, offices, as well as in the field. accounting entryThe calculator was written by Rolf Hawarth in early 1996.A scientific calculator is a type of electronic calculator, usually but not always handheld, designed to calculate occupations in science ( peculiarly physics), engineering, and mathsematics. They have most completely replaced slide rules in almost all traditional applications, and argon widely apply in both education and professional settings.A fully featured scientific calculator with proper floozy precession is implem ented, including trig moulds and logarithms, factorials, 12 levels of parentheses, logs to base 2 (a handy number for schooling entropists), bitwise logical operator, hex, octal, binary and ASCII pomp.The calculator is written in Java record and you are welcome to view the JavaScript source (visible within the HTML page) for individualised educational purposes as long as you recognize that it is copyrighted and not in the public domain. This calculator is now available as part of Humming birds degradeprise Information Portal. All enquiries regarding licensing the calculator should be enjoin to Hummingbird Ltd.Basic FunctionsModern scientific calculators broadly have many more(prenominal) features than a standard four or five- agency calculator, and the feature set differs amongst manufacturers and models however, the defining features of a scientific calculator includeScientific notationFloating point arithmeticlogarithmic functions, development both base 10 and base et rigonometric functions (some including hyperbolic trigonometry abilityial function functions and steady downs beyond the square rootquick access to constants such as pi and eIn improver, high-end scientific calculators go away includehexadecimal ,binary, and octal calculations, including basic Boolean mathcomplex numbers gamefractionsstatistics and probability calculationsequation solvingcalculusconversion of unitsphysical constants fleck most scientific models have traditionally used a single-line display similar to traditional pocket calculators, many of them have at the very least many digits (10 to 12), sometimes with extra digits for the floating point exponent. A few have multi-line displays, with some recent models from Hewlett-Packed, Texas Instruments, Casio, Sharp, and Canon utilize stop matrix displays similar to those found on graphical calculators.AdditionThe addition (sum function) is used by clicking on the + button or using the primordialboard. The function r esults in a+b.SubtractionThe subtraction (minus function) is used by clicking on the - button or using the keyboard. The function results in a-b.MultiplicationThe multiplication (times function) is used by clicking on the x button or using the keyboard * key. The function results in a*b.DivisionThe division (divide function) is used by clicking on the / button or using the keyboard / key. The function results in a/b.SignThe sign key (negative key) is used by clicking on the (-) button. The function results in -1*x.SquareThe square function is used by clicking on the x2 button or type 2. The function results in x*x.Square RootThe square root function is used by clicking on the x button or type sqrt(). This function represents x.5 where the result squared is equal to x.Raise to the PowerThe grind away to the power (y raised to the x function) is used by clicking on the yx button or type .Natural ExponentialThe inborn exponential (e raised to the x) is used by clicking on the ex but ton or type exp(). The result is e (2.71828) raised to x. logarithmThe logarithm (LOG) is used by clicking on the LOG button or type LOG().Natural LogarithmThe Natural logarithm (LN) is used by clicking on the LN button or type LN().InverseMultiplicative reverse (reciprocal function) is used by conspireing the 1/x button or typing inv(). This function is the same as x-1 or dividing 1 by the number.ExponentNumbers with exponents of 10 are displayed with an e, for example 4.5e+100 or 4.5e-100. This function represents 10x. Numbers are automatically displayed in the format when the number is too large or too scummy for the display. To enter a number in this format use the exponent key EEX. To do this enter the mantissa (the non exponent part) then press EEX or type e and then enter the exponent.factorialThe Factorial function is used by clicking the button or type .PIPI is a mathematical constant of the ratio of a circles lap to its diameter.PermutationThe permutation function is used by clicking the nPr button.CombinationThe compounding function is used by clicking the nCr button.CubeThe cube function is used by clicking the x3 .The function results in x*x*x.Cube rootThe cube root function is used by clicking 3x .Trig functionVarious trig functions are involved as-Sine, cosine, tangent etc.Inverse trig functionsVarious inverse trig functions are also involved as-sinx,cosx,tanx etc.PROPOSED SYSTEMThe following documentation is a project the Name of the bound paper allotted. It is a detailed summary of all the drawbacks of the old trunk and how the juvenile proposed system overcomes these shortcomings. The new system takes into account the various factors temporary hookup designing a new system. It keeps into the account the Economical bandwidth available for the new system. The foremost thing that is taken care of is the Need and Requirements of the User.DESCRIPTION onwards developing software we keep following things in mind that we tidy sum develop powerful and quality softwarePROBLEM STATEMENT worry statement was to design a moduleWhich is user comradelyWhich will restrict the user from accessing other users data?Which will help user in viewing his data and privileges?Which will help the administrator to oversee all the changes?FUNCTIONS TO BE PROVIDEDThe system will be user friendly and completely menu driven so that the users shall have no difficulty in using all options.The system will be efficient and fast in response.The system will be customized according to needs. takeAddDeleteModifySYSTEM REQUIRMENTSOperating system MS Windows XP or Windows VistaLanguage CLanguage Processor Pentium IV Processor RAM 512 MB Hard disk 5 GBFlowchartWelcome to main menu of Scientific CalculatorEnter Your Choice?On calculatorDo your any taskDo you want to continue?STARTTrignometery(sin,cos)Inverse (1/x)STOPSwitch off calculatorYesNoUsesScientific calculators are used widely in any situation where quick access to certain(p) mathematica l functions is needed, especially those such as trigonometric functions that were once traditionally looked up in tables they are also used in situations requiring back-of-the-envelope calculations of very large numbers, as in some aspects of astronomy, physics, and chemistry.They are very often required for math classes from the junior high school level through college, and are generally either permitted or required on many standardized tests back math and science subjects as a result, many are interchange into educational markets to cover this demand, and some high-end models include features making it easier to translate the problem on a textbook page into calculator input, from allowing explicit operator precedence using parentheses to providing a method for the user to enter an entire problem in as it is written on the page using simple formatting tools.APPLICATIONSIn most countries, students use calculators for schoolwork. There was some initial resistance to the idea out of fear that basic arithmetic skills would suffer. There remains disagreement about the importance of the ability to finish calculations in the head, with some curricula restricting calculator use until a certain level of proficiency has been obtained, while others concentrate more on program line estimation techniques and problem-solving. Research suggests that inadequate guidance in the use of calculating tools can restrict the kind of mathematical thinking that students engage in. Others have argued that calculator use can even cause core mathematical skills to atrophy, or that such use can prevent understanding of good algebraic concepts.There are other concerns for example, that a people could use the calculator in the wrong fashion but believe the dissolve because that was the result given. Teachers try to combat this by encouraging the student to concur an estimate of the result manually and ensuring it roughly agrees with the calculated result. Also, it is possible for a child to type in 1-1 and obtains the correct swear out 1 without realizing the principle involved. In this sense, the calculator becomes a crutch rather than a learning tool, and it can slow down students in exam conditions as they check even the most trivial result on a calculator.FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECTOur project will be able to implement in future after making some changes and modifications as we stool our project at a very low level. So the modifications that can be done in our project areTo make it screen touch so no need to touch key buttons and one more change which can we made is to add snaps of the soulfulness who use it.